Abstract
We single out the role of fully coherent induced gluon radiation on light hadron production in pA collisions. The effect has the same general features as for quarkonium production, however with a richer color structure as the induced radiation depends on the global color charge of the partonic subprocess final state. Baseline predictions for light hadron nuclear suppression in pPb collisions at the LHC are provided, taking into account only the effect of fully coherent energy loss, which proves to be of the same order of magnitude as gluon shadowing or saturation. This underlines the need to include fully coherent energy loss in phenomenological studies of hadron production in pA collisions.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
J.C. Collins, D.E. Soper and G.F. Sterman, Factorization of Hard Processes in QCD, in Advanced Series on Directions in High Energy Physics 5, World Scientific (1989), pp. 1–91 [hep-ph/0409313] [INSPIRE].
D. de Florian, R. Sassot, P. Zurita and M. Stratmann, Global Analysis of Nuclear Parton Distributions, Phys. Rev. D 85 (2012) 074028 [arXiv:1112.6324] [INSPIRE].
K. Kovařík et al., nCTEQ15 — Global analysis of nuclear parton distributions with uncertainties in the CTEQ framework, Phys. Rev. D 93 (2016) 085037 [arXiv:1509.00792] [INSPIRE].
K.J. Eskola, P. Paakkinen, H. Paukkunen and C.A. Salgado, EPPS16: Nuclear parton distributions with LHC data, Eur. Phys. J. C 77 (2017) 163 [arXiv:1612.05741] [INSPIRE].
NNPDF collaboration, Nuclear parton distributions from lepton-nucleus scattering and the impact of an electron-ion collider, Eur. Phys. J. C 79 (2019) 471 [arXiv:1904.00018] [INSPIRE].
N. Armesto, Nuclear shadowing, J. Phys. G 32 (2006) R367 [hep-ph/0604108] [INSPIRE].
I. Helenius, K.J. Eskola, H. Honkanen and C.A. Salgado, Impact-Parameter Dependent Nuclear Parton Distribution Functions: EPS09s and EKS98s and Their Applications in Nuclear Hard Processes, JHEP 07 (2012) 073 [arXiv:1205.5359] [INSPIRE].
P. Quiroga-Arias, J.G. Milhano and U.A. Wiedemann, Testing nuclear parton distributions with pA collisions at the TeV scale, Phys. Rev. C 82 (2010) 034903 [arXiv:1002.2537] [INSPIRE].
F. Gelis, E. Iancu, J. Jalilian-Marian and R. Venugopalan, The Color Glass Condensate, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 60 (2010) 463 [arXiv:1002.0333] [INSPIRE].
J.L. Albacete, A. Dumitru, H. Fujii and Y. Nara, CGC predictions for p+P b collisions at the LHC, Nucl. Phys. A 897 (2013) 1 [arXiv:1209.2001] [INSPIRE].
A. Dumitru, A. Hayashigaki and J. Jalilian-Marian, The Color glass condensate and hadron production in the forward region, Nucl. Phys. A 765 (2006) 464 [hep-ph/0506308] [INSPIRE].
T. Altinoluk and A. Kovner, Particle Production at High Energy and Large Transverse Momentum — ‘The Hybrid Formalism’ Revisited, Phys. Rev. D 83 (2011) 105004 [arXiv:1102.5327] [INSPIRE].
L.D. McLerran and R. Venugopalan, Computing quark and gluon distribution functions for very large nuclei, Phys. Rev. D 49 (1994) 2233 [hep-ph/9309289] [INSPIRE].
L.D. McLerran and R. Venugopalan, Gluon distribution functions for very large nuclei at small transverse momentum, Phys. Rev. D 49 (1994) 3352 [hep-ph/9311205] [INSPIRE].
J.L. Albacete, N. Armesto, J.G. Milhano, P. Quiroga-Arias and C.A. Salgado, AAMQS: A non-linear QCD analysis of new HERA data at small-x including heavy quarks, Eur. Phys. J. C 71 (2011) 1705 [arXiv:1012.4408] [INSPIRE].
J. Jalilian-Marian, A. Kovner and H. Weigert, The Wilson renormalization group for low x physics: Gluon evolution at finite parton density, Phys. Rev. D 59 (1998) 014015 [hep-ph/9709432] [INSPIRE].
J. Jalilian-Marian, A. Kovner, A. Leonidov and H. Weigert, The Wilson renormalization group for low x physics: Towards the high density regime, Phys. Rev. D 59 (1998) 014014 [hep-ph/9706377] [INSPIRE].
H. Weigert, Unitarity at small Bjorken x, Nucl. Phys. A 703 (2002) 823 [hep-ph/0004044] [INSPIRE].
E. Iancu, A. Leonidov and L.D. McLerran, The Renormalization group equation for the color glass condensate, Phys. Lett. B 510 (2001) 133 [hep-ph/0102009] [INSPIRE].
E. Iancu, A. Leonidov and L.D. McLerran, Nonlinear gluon evolution in the color glass condensate. 1, Nucl. Phys. A 692 (2001) 583 [hep-ph/0011241] [INSPIRE].
E. Ferreiro, E. Iancu, A. Leonidov and L. McLerran, Nonlinear gluon evolution in the color glass condensate. 2, Nucl. Phys. A 703 (2002) 489 [hep-ph/0109115] [INSPIRE].
J.L. Albacete and C. Marquet, Single Inclusive Hadron Production at RHIC and the LHC from the Color Glass Condensate, Phys. Lett. B 687 (2010) 174 [arXiv:1001.1378] [INSPIRE].
P. Tribedy and R. Venugopalan, QCD saturation at the LHC: Comparisons of models to p+p and A+A data and predictions for p+P b collisions, Phys. Lett. B 710 (2012) 125 [Erratum ibid. 718 (2013) 1154] [arXiv:1112.2445] [INSPIRE].
A.H. Rezaeian, CGC predictions for p+A collisions at the LHC and signature of QCD saturation, Phys. Lett. B 718 (2013) 1058 [arXiv:1210.2385] [INSPIRE].
T. Lappi and H. Mäntysaari, Single inclusive particle production at high energy from HERA data to proton-nucleus collisions, Phys. Rev. D 88 (2013) 114020 [arXiv:1309.6963] [INSPIRE].
B.Z. Kopeliovich, J. Nemchik, I.K. Potashnikova, M.B. Johnson and I. Schmidt, Breakdown of QCD factorization at large Feynman x, Phys. Rev. C 72 (2005) 054606 [hep-ph/0501260] [INSPIRE].
L. Frankfurt and M. Strikman, Energy losses in the black disc regime and correlation effects in the STAR forward pion production in dAu collisions, Phys. Lett. B 645 (2007) 412 [nucl-th/0603049] [INSPIRE].
Z.-B. Kang, I. Vitev and H. Xing, Nuclear modification of high transverse momentum particle production in p+A collisions at RHIC and LHC, Phys. Lett. B 718 (2012) 482 [arXiv:1209.6030] [INSPIRE].
F. Arleo, S. Peigné and T. Sami, Revisiting scaling properties of medium-induced gluon radiation, Phys. Rev. D 83 (2011) 114036 [arXiv:1006.0818] [INSPIRE].
F. Arleo, R. Kolevatov and S. Peigné, Coherent medium-induced gluon radiation in hard forward 1 → 1 partonic processes, Phys. Rev. D 93 (2016) 014006 [arXiv:1402.1671] [INSPIRE].
S. Peigné and R. Kolevatov, Medium-induced soft gluon radiation in forward dijet production in relativistic proton-nucleus collisions, JHEP 01 (2015) 141 [arXiv:1405.4241] [INSPIRE].
R. Baier, Y.L. Dokshitzer, A.H. Mueller, S. Peigné and D. Schiff, Radiative energy loss and p⊥ broadening of high-energy partons in nuclei, Nucl. Phys. B 484 (1997) 265 [hep-ph/9608322] [INSPIRE].
R. Baier, Y.L. Dokshitzer, A.H. Mueller, S. Peigné and D. Schiff, Radiative energy loss of high-energy quarks and gluons in a finite volume quark-gluon plasma, Nucl. Phys. B 483 (1997) 291 [hep-ph/9607355] [INSPIRE].
B.G. Zakharov, Fully quantum treatment of the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal effect in QED and QCD, JETP Lett. 63 (1996) 952 [hep-ph/9607440] [INSPIRE].
B.G. Zakharov, Radiative energy loss of high-energy quarks in finite size nuclear matter and quark-gluon plasma, JETP Lett. 65 (1997) 615 [hep-ph/9704255] [INSPIRE].
N. Armesto, H. Ma, M. Martinez, Y. Mehtar-Tani and C.A. Salgado, Interference between initial and final state radiation in a QCD medium, Phys. Lett. B 717 (2012) 280 [arXiv:1207.0984] [INSPIRE].
N. Armesto, H. Ma, M. Martinez, Y. Mehtar-Tani and C.A. Salgado, Coherence Phenomena between Initial and Final State Radiation in a Dense QCD Medium, JHEP 12 (2013) 052 [arXiv:1308.2186] [INSPIRE].
T. Liou and A.H. Mueller, Parton energy loss in high energy hard forward processes in proton-nucleus collisions, Phys. Rev. D 89 (2014) 074026 [arXiv:1402.1647] [INSPIRE].
S. Munier, S. Peigné and E. Petreska, Medium-induced gluon radiation in hard forward parton scattering in the saturation formalism, Phys. Rev. D 95 (2017) 014014 [arXiv:1603.01028] [INSPIRE].
F. Arleo and S. Peigné, J/ψ suppression in p−A collisions from parton energy loss in cold QCD matter, Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 (2012) 122301 [arXiv:1204.4609] [INSPIRE].
F. Arleo and S. Peigné, Heavy-quarkonium suppression in p−A collisions from parton energy loss in cold QCD matter, JHEP 03 (2013) 122 [arXiv:1212.0434] [INSPIRE].
F. Arleo, R. Kolevatov, S. Peigné and M. Rustamova, Centrality and p⊥ dependence of J/ψ suppression in proton-nucleus collisions from parton energy loss, JHEP 05 (2013) 155 [arXiv:1304.0901] [INSPIRE].
F. Arleo and S. Peigné, Quenching of light hadron spectra in pA collisions from fully coherent energy loss, Phys. Rev. Lett. 125 (2020) 032301 [arXiv:2003.01987] [INSPIRE].
A. Kusina, J.-P. Lansberg, I. Schienbein and H.-S. Shao, Gluon Shadowing in Heavy-Flavor Production at the LHC, Phys. Rev. Lett. 121 (2018) 052004 [arXiv:1712.07024] [INSPIRE].
K.J. Eskola, I. Helenius, P. Paakkinen and H. Paukkunen, A QCD analysis of LHCb D-meson data in p+P b collisions, JHEP 05 (2020) 037 [arXiv:1906.02512] [INSPIRE].
H. Paukkunen and C.A. Salgado, Constraints for the nuclear parton distributions from Z and W production at the LHC, JHEP 03 (2011) 071 [arXiv:1010.5392] [INSPIRE].
F. Arleo and S. Peigné, Disentangling Shadowing from Coherent Energy Loss using the Drell-Yan Process, Phys. Rev. D 95 (2017) 011502 [arXiv:1512.01794] [INSPIRE].
A. Accardi et al., Electron Ion Collider: The Next QCD Frontier: Understanding the glue that binds us all, Eur. Phys. J. A 52 (2016) 268 [arXiv:1212.1701] [INSPIRE].
ENERGY.GOV, U.S. Department of Energy Selects Brookhaven National Laboratory to Host Major New Nuclear Physics Facility, (2020) https://www.energy.gov/articles/us-department-energy-selects-brookhaven-national-laboratory-host-major-new-nuclear-physics.
F. Arleo and S. Peigné, Quarkonium suppression in heavy-ion collisions from coherent energy loss in cold nuclear matter, JHEP 10 (2014) 073 [arXiv:1407.5054] [INSPIRE].
NA3 collaboration, Experimental J/ψ Hadronic Production from 150 to 280 GeV/c, Z. Phys. C 20 (1983) 101 [INSPIRE].
S. Katsanevas et al., Nuclear-target effects in J/ψ production in 125 GeV/c antiproton and π− interactions, Phys. Rev. Lett. 60 (1988) 2121 [INSPIRE].
FNAL E866/NuSea collaboration, Measurement of J/ψ and ψ′ suppression in p−A collisions, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 (2000) 3256 [nucl-ex/9909007] [INSPIRE].
HERA-B collaboration, Kinematic distributions and nuclear effects of J/ψ production in 920 GeV fixed-target proton-nucleus collisions, Eur. Phys. J. C 60 (2009) 525 [arXiv:0812.0734] [INSPIRE].
NA60 collaboration, J/ψ production in proton-nucleus collisions at 158 and 400 GeV, Phys. Lett. B 706 (2012) 263 [arXiv:1004.5523] [INSPIRE].
A. Andronic et al., Heavy-flavour and quarkonium production in the LHC era: from proton-proton to heavy-ion collisions, Eur. Phys. J. C 76 (2016) 107 [arXiv:1506.03981] [INSPIRE].
PHENIX collaboration, Cold Nuclear Matter Effects on J/ψ Yields as a Function of Rapidity and Nuclear Geometry in Deuteron-Gold Collisions at \( \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} \) = 200 GeV, Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 (2011) 142301 [arXiv:1010.1246] [INSPIRE].
PHENIX collaboration, Transverse-Momentum Dependence of the J/ψ Nuclear Modification in d+Au Collisions at \( \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} \) = 200 GeV, Phys. Rev. C 87 (2013) 034904 [arXiv:1204.0777] [INSPIRE].
ALICE collaboration, J/ψ production and nuclear effects in p−P b collisions at \( \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} \) = 5.02 TeV, JHEP 02 (2014) 073 [arXiv:1308.6726] [INSPIRE].
ALICE collaboration, Rapidity and transverse-momentum dependence of the inclusive J/ψ nuclear modification factor in p−P b collisions at \( \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} \) = 5.02 TeV, JHEP 06 (2015) 055 [arXiv:1503.07179] [INSPIRE].
LHCb collaboration, Study of J/ψ production and cold nuclear matter effects in pP b collisions at \( \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} \) = 5 TeV, JHEP 02 (2014) 072 [arXiv:1308.6729] [INSPIRE].
F. Cougoulic and S. Peigné, Nuclear p⊥ -broadening of an energetic parton pair, JHEP 05 (2018) 203 [arXiv:1712.01953] [INSPIRE].
N. Borghini and F. Gelis, Distribution of multiple scatterings in proton-nucleus collisions at high energy, Phys. Rev. D 74 (2006) 054025 [hep-ph/0607098] [INSPIRE].
N. Borghini and F. Gelis, Are there monojets in high-energy proton-nucleus collisions?, J. Phys. G 34 (2007) S599 [hep-ph/0701140] [INSPIRE].
G.A. Chirilli, B.-W. Xiao and F. Yuan, One-loop Factorization for Inclusive Hadron Production in pA Collisions in the Saturation Formalism, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 (2012) 122301 [arXiv:1112.1061] [INSPIRE].
Z.-B. Kang, I. Vitev and H. Xing, Next-to-leading order forward hadron production in the small-x regime: rapidity factorization, Phys. Rev. Lett. 113 (2014) 062002 [arXiv:1403.5221] [INSPIRE].
B. Ducloué, T. Lappi and Y. Zhu, Single inclusive forward hadron production at next-to-leading order, Phys. Rev. D 93 (2016) 114016 [arXiv:1604.00225] [INSPIRE].
H. Fujii and K. Watanabe, Heavy quark pair production in high energy pA collisions: Quarkonium, Nucl. Phys. A 915 (2013) 1 [arXiv:1304.2221] [INSPIRE].
B. Ducloué, T. Lappi and H. Mäntysaari, Forward J/ψ production in proton-nucleus collisions at high energy, Phys. Rev. D 91 (2015) 114005 [arXiv:1503.02789] [INSPIRE].
Y.-Q. Ma, R. Venugopalan and H.-F. Zhang, J/ψ production and suppression in high energy proton-nucleus collisions, Phys. Rev. D 92 (2015) 071901 [arXiv:1503.07772] [INSPIRE].
R. Sassot, P. Zurita and M. Stratmann, Inclusive Hadron Production in the CERN-LHC Era, Phys. Rev. D 82 (2010) 074011 [arXiv:1008.0540] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Nuclear Effects on the Transverse Momentum Spectra of Charged Particles in pPb Collisions at \( \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} \) = 5.02 TeV, Eur. Phys. J. C 75 (2015) 237 [arXiv:1502.05387] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Evidence for collectivity in pp collisions at the LHC, Phys. Lett. B 765 (2017) 193 [arXiv:1606.06198] [INSPIRE].
D. d’Enterria, K.J. Eskola, I. Helenius and H. Paukkunen, Confronting current NLO parton fragmentation functions with inclusive charged-particle spectra at hadron colliders, Nucl. Phys. B 883 (2014) 615 [arXiv:1311.1415] [INSPIRE].
F. Arleo, C.-J. Näım and S. Platchkov, Initial-state energy loss in cold QCD matter and the Drell-Yan process, JHEP 01 (2019) 129 [arXiv:1810.05120] [INSPIRE].
W.K. Brooks and J.A. López, Estimating the Color Lifetime of Energetic Quarks, arXiv:2004.07236 [INSPIRE].
F. Arleo and C.-J. Naïm, Nuclear p⊥ -broadening of Drell-Yan and quarkonium production from SPS to LHC, arXiv:2004.07188 [INSPIRE].
J. Pumplin et al., Uncertainties of predictions from parton distribution functions. 2. The Hessian method, Phys. Rev. D 65 (2001) 014013 [hep-ph/0101032] [INSPIRE].
ALICE collaboration, Multiplicity dependence of charged pion, kaon, and (anti)proton production at large transverse momentum in p−P b collisions at \( \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} \) = 5.02 TeV, Phys. Lett. B 760 (2016) 720 [arXiv:1601.03658] [INSPIRE].
ALICE collaboration, Neutral pion and η meson production in p−P b collisions at \( \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} \) = 5.02 TeV, Eur. Phys. J. C 78 (2018) 624 [arXiv:1801.07051] [INSPIRE].
LHCb collaboration, Measurement of charged particle multiplicities and densities in pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 7 TeV in the forward region, Eur. Phys. J. C 74 (2014) 2888 [arXiv:1402.4430] [INSPIRE].
LHCf collaboration, Measurements of longitudinal and transverse momentum distributions for neutral pions in the forward-rapidity region with the LHCf detector, Phys. Rev. D 94 (2016) 032007 [arXiv:1507.08764] [INSPIRE].
K.J. Eskola, H. Paukkunen and C.A. Salgado, An Improved global analysis of nuclear parton distribution functions including RHIC data, JHEP 07 (2008) 102 [arXiv:0802.0139] [INSPIRE].
K.J. Eskola, H. Paukkunen and C.A. Salgado, EPS09: A New Generation of NLO and LO Nuclear Parton Distribution Functions, JHEP 04 (2009) 065 [arXiv:0902.4154] [INSPIRE].
LHCb collaboration, Measurement of B+ , B0 and \( {\Lambda}_b^0 \) production in pP b collisions at \( \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} \) = 8.16 TeV, Phys. Rev. D 99 (2019) 052011 [arXiv:1902.05599] [INSPIRE].
LHCb collaboration, Study of prompt D0 meson production in pP b at \( \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} \) = 8.16 TeV at LHCb, LHCb-CONF-2019-004 (2019) [CERN-LHCb-CONF-2019-004] [INSPIRE].
K.J. Golec-Biernat and M. Wüsthoff, Saturation effects in deep inelastic scattering at low Q2 and its implications on diffraction, Phys. Rev. D 59 (1998) 014017 [hep-ph/9807513] [INSPIRE].
G.P. Lepage and S.J. Brodsky, Exclusive Processes in Perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics, Phys. Rev. D 22 (1980) 2157 [INSPIRE].
J.F. Gunion and G. Bertsch, Hadronization by color bremsstrahlung, Phys. Rev. D 25 (1982) 746 [INSPIRE].
Y.L. Dokshitzer, Perturbative QCD (and beyond), in Lectures on QCD , Lecture Notes in Physics 496, Springer (1997), pp. 87–135 [INSPIRE].
S. Keppeler, Birdtracks for SU(N ), in proceedings of the QCD Master Class 2017, Saint-Jacut-de-la-Mer, France, 18–24 June 2017, Sci. Post. Phys. Lect. Notes 3 (2018) 1 [arXiv:1707.07280] [INSPIRE].
Y.L. Dokshitzer and G. Marchesini, Soft gluons at large angles in hadron collisions, JHEP 01 (2006) 007 [hep-ph/0509078] [INSPIRE].
ALICE collaboration, Transverse momentum spectra and nuclear modification factors of charged particles in pp, p−P b and P b−P b collisions at the LHC, JHEP 11 (2018) 013 [arXiv:1802.09145] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Transverse momentum, rapidity, and centrality dependence of inclusive charged-particle production in \( \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} \) = 5.02 TeV p+P b collisions measured by the ATLAS experiment, Phys. Lett. B 763 (2016) 313 [arXiv:1605.06436] [INSPIRE].
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
ArXiv ePrint: 2003.06337
Rights and permissions
Open Access . This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
About this article
Cite this article
Arleo, F., Cougoulic, F. & Peigné, S. Fully coherent energy loss effects on light hadron production in pA collisions. J. High Energ. Phys. 2020, 190 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP09(2020)190
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP09(2020)190