Abstract
Nutritional risk and its predictors were assessed by evaluating longitudinal changes in body weight using data collected from elderly community-dwelling and institutionalized Canadians who participated in both phases of the Canadian Study of Health and Aging, CSHA (n=10,263). Change in body weight (% initial weight) was examined over a 5-year interval in 584 community and 237 institutionalized participants, and its predictors tested in multiple and logistic regression analyses. Average weight at CSHA-2 was 97% of initial weight at CSHA-1. Values were lower in those over 90 years and the demented. Increasing frailty on a 7-point scale (β=−1.23, p=0.04) predicted weight loss in institutional participants, as did difficulty in eating unaided (β=4.24, p<0.001) and reported loss of interest in life (β=2.22, p<0.001) among community subjects. Some 16% in institutions and 9% in the community were at moderate/severe nutritional risk, disproportionately represented by the oldest subjects and the demented. These analyses support the importance of assessing dietary intakes, anthropometrics, well-being and environmental predictors of aging in the elderly.
Résumé
Nous avons évalué le risque nutritionnel et ses prédicteurs en examinant les changements longitudinaux du poids à partir de données recueillies auprès de Canadiens âgés vivant dans la communauté ou en établissement et ayant participé aux deux phases de l’Étude sur la santé et le vieillissement au Canada, ou ESVC (n=10 263). Les changements de poids (en pourcentage du poids initial) ont été évalués sur un intervalle de cinq ans chez 584 participants vivant dans la communauté et 237 asilaires. Nous avons testé les prédicteurs de changement par des analyses de régression multiple et logistique. Le poids moyen lors de l’ESVC-2 correspondait à 97 % du poids initial mesuré lors de l’ESVC-1, avec des valeurs plus faibles chez les plus de 90 ans et les personnes atteintes de démence. Les prédicteurs de perte de poids chez les participants en établissement étaient la fragilité accrue, mesurée sur une échelle de sept points (b=−1,23, p=0,04), et la difficulté à s’alimenter seul (b=4,24, p<0,001); chez les sujets vivant dans la communauté, les prédicteurs de perte de poids étaient l’affirmation d’avoir perdu le goût de vivre (b=2,22, p<0,001). Environ 16 % des participants asilaires et 9 % de ceux vivant dans la communauté présentaient un risque nutritionnel modéré ou grave, ce risque étant plus élevé chez les plus âgés et les personnes atteintes de démence. Ces analyses soulignent l’importance d’une évaluation des apports alimentaires, des mesures anthropométriques, du bien-être et des prédicteurs environnementaux du vieillissement chez les personnes âgées
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Shatenstein, B., Kergoat, MJ. & Nadon, S. Weight Change, Nutritional Risk and Its Determinants Among Cognitively Intact and Demented Elderly Canadians. Can J Public Health 92, 143–149 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03404949
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03404949