Abstract
Three-component Particle Image Velocimetry has been applied to the measurement of hypervelocity ejecta from meteoritic impact experiments. This work represents the first attempt at measuring ejecta from a ballistic event using the PIV technique. The ejecta particles are measured directly, within a plane, at any controlled instant after the impact. The particle trajectories are observed at all azimuthal positions relative to the impact point thus revealing both the shape of the curtain and the distribution of velocities at a given instance. By seeding the target with 10 mm hollow spheres, the fluid flow associated with the impact in an atmosphere is simultaneously observed with the ejecta. 3C PIV is demonstrated to be an ideally suited technique for investigations on ejecta trajectories, ejecta curtain morphology and the fluid mechanics in the presence of an atmosphere. Sample results are presented.
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James T Heineck: He received his BA in Scientific Photography and Color Technology from Brooks Institute of Photographic Arts and Sciences, Santa Barbara, CA in 1987. In 1990, he began work as a scientific and technical photographer at Ames, during which he was granted a patent and earned an Ames Honor Award for Excellence in Technical Service. Since 1998, he has been developing applications for 3C PIV for use in wind tunnel environments ranging from truck aerodynamics, rotor blade vortex measurements in both hover and forward flight and US Navy ship airwake characterization, in addition to the work presented here. Other research interests include flow visualization of full-scale aircraft, schlieren techniques and high-speed PIV.
Peter H. Schultz: He is a Professor of Geological Sciences at Brown University in Providence Rhode Island. He received his Ph.D. in Astronomy from the University of Texas at Austin in 1972. He was a Senior Staff Scientist at the Lunar and Planetary Institute prior to moving to Brown in 1984. He is currently the Science Coordinator for the NASA Ames Vertical Gun Range, Director of the Rhode Island Space Grant and Director of the Northeast planetary Data Center. His research focuses on planetary impact cratering using hypervelocity impact experiments as a means to constrain and test both observational data from various planetary missions, theoretical models and geological field studies. He was a member of the Magellan mission to Venus and is currently a Co-Investigator on NASA’s Deep Impact Mission to a comet in 2005. His current research includes: formation and evolution of planetary impact craters, atmospheric effects on ejecta emplacement, oblique impact processes and cratering mechanics in different target materials.
Jennifer L. B. Anderson: She is a Ph.D. candidate in the department of Geological Sciences at Brown University in Providence, RI, from which she received her MSc degree in 2001. She is a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellow and a NASA Space Grant Fellow. She completed her bachelors degree in Geophysics, Astrophysics and Physics at the University of Minnesota, completing her BS degrees in 1998. Her research interests include: experimental impact cratering, ejecta mechanics, cratering flow field evolution and the dependence of the cratering process on target material properties.
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Heineck, J.T., Schultz, P.H. & Anderson, J.L.B. Application of three-component PIV to the measurement of hypervelocity impact ejecta. J Vis 5, 233–241 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03182331
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03182331