Abstract
This work assesses the possible changes in gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) and taurine content in the hypothalamus, the median eminence and striatum after the exposure to various doses of cadmium. Cadmium chloride (CdCl2) was administered in the drinking water at the doses of 5, 10, 25, 50 or 100 ppm to adult male rats for 1 month. In the anterior hypothalamus, taurine and GABA content decreased with the dose of 10 ppm of CdCl2 only. Cadmium exposure decreased both GABA and taurine content in mediobasal hypothalamus except for the 50 ppm dose. In posterior hypothalamus GABA and taurine content was not affected by cadmium treatment. As far as the median eminence, 5 or 10 ppm of CdCl2 increased taurine concentration, and at a dose of 5 ppm enhanced GABA content. A significant decrease of GABA and taurine concentration was seen in the striatum at any dose of cadmium used. The concentration of cadmium increased in the hypothalamus and in the striatum in animals receiving CdCl2 in the drinking water at doses of 25, 50 or 100 ppm. The results indicate that cadmium globally decreased GABA and taurine content in the brain areas studied through effects that were not dose dependent.
Resumen
En este trabajo se evalúan las posibles alteraciones en el contenido de ácido gamma amino butírico (GABA) y taurina, inducidas por varias dosis de cadmio en el hipotálamo, la eminencia media y el estriado. Para ello, se administró cloruro de cadmio (CdCl2) durante 30 días a ratas macho adultas en el agua de bebida a las dosis de 5, 10, 25, 50 ó 100 ppm. En el hipotálamo anterior, la exposición al cadmio no modificó el contenido de taurina y GABA, aunque la concentración de estos aminoácidos descendió con las dosis de 10 ppm. Tanto el contenido de GABA como el de taurina disminuyeron significativamente en el hipotálamo mediobasal tras la exposición al cadmio, excepto con la dosis de 50 ppm. Sin embargo, en el hipotálamo posterior, la exposición a este metal no alteró los niveles de GABA y taurina. En la eminencia media, las dosis de 5 y 10 ppm aumentaron la concentración de taurina, mientras que el contenido de GABA sólo aumentó con la dosis de 5 ppm. Tras la exposición al cadmio, se observó un descenso en el contenido de GABA y taurina en el estriado con todas las dosis utilizadas. La concentración de cadmio aumentó en el hipotálamo y en el estriado con las dosis de 25, 50 y 100 ppm de CdCl2. Globalmente, según estos resultados, la exposición al cadmio puede conllevar un descenso de GABA y taurina en las regiones cerebrales estudiadas, aunque dichos descenso no parece ser dependiente de las dosis del metal.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Andersson, H., Petersson-Grave, K., Lindqvist, E., Luthman, J., Oskarsson, A. and Olson, L. (1997):Neurotoxicol. Teratol.,19, 105–115.
Antonio, M.T., Corpas, I. and Leret, M.L. (1999):Toxicol. Lett.,104, 1–9.
Arias, P., Goroll, D., Convertini, V., Jarry, H. and Wuttke, W. (1994):Brain Res.,634, 325–327.
Baciu, I. (1992):Rev. Roum. Physiol.,29, 5–11.
Ben-Jonathan, N. (2001). Hypothalamic control of prolactin synthesis and secretion. In: “Prolactin” (Horseman, N.D. ed.). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, Massachusetts, pp. 1–24.
Descotes, J. (1992): Imunotoxicology of cadmium. In: “Cadmium in the Human Environment: Toxicity and Carcinogenicity” (Nordberg, G.F., Herber, R.F.M. and Alessio, L. eds.). International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, pp. 385–390.
Devoino, L., Idova, G. and Beletskaya, I. (1992):Int. J. Neurosci.,67, 215–227.
Duvilanski, B., Seilicovich, A., Diaz, M.C., Lasaga, M. and Debeljuk, L. (1987):Psychoneuroendocrinol.,12, 107–116.
Duvilanski, B., Selgas, L., García-Bonacho, M. and Esquifino, A.I. (1998):J. Neuroimmunol.,87, 189–196.
Esquifino, A.I., Pazo, D., Cutrera, R.A. and Cardinali, D.P. (1999):Chronobiol. Int.,16, 451–60.
Esquifino, A.I., Seara, R., Fernández-Rey, E. and Lafuente, A. (2001):Arch. Toxicol.,75, 127–133.
Esquifino, A.I., Cano, P., Chacon F., Reyes-Toso, C. and Cardinali, D.P. (2002):Neurosignals,11, 336–344.
Feleder, C., Jarry, H., Leonhardt, S., Wuttke, W. and Moguilevsky, J.A. (1996):Neuroendocrinology,64, 305–312.
González-Carracedo, A. (2002): Efecto del cadmio en los ritmos circadianos de las aminas biógenas y hormonas hipofisarias. Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad de Vigo, Vigo, Spain.
Jarry, H., Elger, W., Duker, E. and Wuttke, W. (1988):Acta Endocrinol. (Copenh.),118, 538–543.
Lafuente, A. and Esquifino, A.I. (1999):Toxicol. Lett.,110, 209–218.
Lafuente, A., Márquez, N., Pérez-Lorenzo, M., Pazo, D. and Esquifino, A.I. (2000):Food Chem. Toxicol.,38, 913–923.
Lafuente, A., Fenández-Rey, E., Seara, E., Pérez-Lorenzo, M. and Esquifino, A.I. (2001):Neurochem. Int.,39, 187–192.
Lafuente, A., Márquez, N., Pérez-Lorenzo, M., Pazo, D. and Esquifino, A.I. (2001):Exp. Biol. Med.,226, 605–611.
Lafuente, A. and Esquifino, A.I. (2002):BioMetals,15, 183–187.
Lafuente, A. and Esquifino, A.I. (2002):Neurotoxicology,23, 207–213.
Lafuente, A., Cano, P. and Esquifino, A.I. (2003):BioMetals,16, 243–250.
Lafuente, A., González-Carracedo, A., Romero, A. and Esquifino, A.I. (2003):J. Physiol. Biochem.,59, 43–48.
López-Artíguez M., Soria, M.L., Cameán, A. and Repetto, M. (1993):Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.,50, 417–424.
Minami, A., Takeda, A., Nishibaba, D., Takefuta, S. and Oku, N. (2001):Brain Res.,894, 336–339.
National Research Council (1996): Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. Institute of Laboratory Animals Resources, Commission on Life Sciences, National Research Council, National Academy of Sciences (USA), National Institute of Health.
Paksy, K., Varga, B., Horváth, E., Tátrai, E. and Ungváry, G. (1989):Reprod. Toxicol., 3, 241–247.
Ruotsalainen, M., Majasaari, M., Salimaki, J., Ahtee, L. and Locally, V. (1998):Amino Acids,15, 117–134.
Schultz, W., Tremblay, L. and Hollerman, J.R. (2003):Trends. Neurosci.,26, 321–328.
Timbrell, J.A., Seabra, V. and Waterfield, C.J. (1995):Gen. Pharmacol.,26, 453–462.
Timbrell, J.A. (1998):Toxicology,129, 1–12.
Viaene, M.K., Masschelein, R., Leenders, J., De Groof, M., Swerts, L.J.V.C., Roels, H.A. (2000):Occup. Environ. Med.,57, 19–27.
Winstel, C. and Callahan, P. (1992):Toxicology,74, 9–17.
World Health Organization (2000): Evaluation of certain Food additives and Contaminants. 55th Report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. Geneva, Switzerland.
Zeevalk, G.A. (1997): Fundamentals of the structure and function of the nervous system. In: “Comprehensive Toxicology”, Vol. 11, Nervous System and Behavioral Toxicology, (Londes, H.E. and Reuhl, K.R. eds.). Elsevier Science, Ltd., Oxford, pp. 1–22.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lafuente, A., González-Carracedo, A., Cabaleiro, T. et al. Toxic effects of cadmium on GABA and taurine content in different brain areas of adult male rats. J. Physiol. Biochem. 61, 439–446 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03168450
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03168450