Abstract
While testing several samples of onion and of vegetatively propagated garlic, sand leek and shallot from a number of countries, virus isolates with unusually flexuous particles were obtained by mite (Aceria tulipae) or sap transmissions. No aphid-borne poty-or carlavirus was transmitted by mites, and mite-borne virus isolates could not be transmitted by aphids. The mite-borne isolates did not react with antisera to aphid-borne potyviruses ofAllium spp. or with the Agdia potyvirus group monoclonal. In contrast to the mite-borne onion and garlic mosaic viruses reported in the literature, our mite-borne isolates induced no visible or only very mild symptoms inAllium spp., except isolates from shallot ‘Santé’ which caused diffuse striping. Heavily mite-infested test plants or plant samples showed streaking and malformation due to mite feeding (tangle-top).
The mite-borne virus isolates could be classified with test plants and a discriminating antiserum into three groups, representing two viruses and a strain of one of them. They are tentatively named onion mite-borne latent virus (OMbLV), garlic strain of this virus (OMbLV-G), and shallot mite-borne latent virus (SMbLV). Mite transmission, length of virus particles (ca. 700 to 800 nm), and the presence of granular inclusion bodies in infected tissue indicate that the viruses belong to the mite-borne genusRymovirus of the familyPotyviridae. OMbLV from shallot and onion, and OMbLV-G from garlic and sand leek, can be assayed onChenopodium murale but differ in their natural hosts. They are very common. SMbLV, to whichC. murale does not react, was isolated from shallot originating from Asia and Russia.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Abiko, K, Watanabe, Y. & Nishi, Y., 1980. Studies on garlic mosaic. I. Causal virus. Bulletin of the Vegatable and Ornamental Crops Research Station, A, 7: 139–147.
Ahmed, K.M. & Benigno, D.A., 1984. Investigation into the relationship of the eriophyid mite (Aceria tulipae Keifer) with the ‘tangle-top’ and mosaic disease of garlic. Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 9: 38–47.
Ahmed, K.M. & Benigno, D.A., 1985a. Virus-vector relationship in mosaic disease of garlic. Indian Phytopathology 38: 121–125.
Ahmed, K.M. & Benigno, D.A., 1985b. Garlic mosaic disease in the Philippines: possible viral etiology as detected by immunodiffusion technique. Philippine Agriculturist 68: 431–438.
Barnett, O.W., 1991.Potyviridae, a proposed family of plant viruses. Archives of Virology 118: 139–141.
Bos, L., 1983. Viruses and virus diseases ofAllium species. Acta Horticulturae 127: 11–29.
Bos, I., Huijberts, N., Huttinga, H. & Maat, D.Z., 1978a. Leek yellow stripe virus and its re to onion yellow dwarf virus; characterization, ecology and possible control. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology 84: 185–204.
Bos, L., Huttinga, H. & Maat, D.Z., 1978b. Shallot latent virus, a new carlavirus. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology 84: 227–237.
Cheremushkina, N.P., 1974. Electron microscopy ultrathin sections study of the relationship between Allium mosaic virus and its vector-mite Aceria tulipae K. Trudy Biologo—Pochvennogo Instituta 21: 106–109.
Cheremushkina, N.P., 1975. The role of the miteAceria tulipae in the natural spread of onion mosaic virus (In Russian). Trudy Biology—Pochvennogo Instituta 28: 174–177.
Cheremushkina, N.P., 1982. Epiphytology of onion mosaic virus and the system of the protection against the disease (In Russian). Trudy po Selektsiî i Semenovodstvu Ovoshchnyck Kultur 15: 74–84.
Delecolle, B. & Lot, H., 1981. Voroses de l’ail: I.—Mise en évidence et essais de caractérisation par immunoélectromicroscopie d’un complexe de trois virus chez différentes populations d’ail atteintes de mosaïque. Agronomie 1: 763–769.
Graichen, K. & Leistner, H.-U., 1987. Zwiebelgelbstreifen-Virus (onion yellow dwarf virus) verursacht Knoblauchmosaik. Archiv für Phytopathologie und Pflanzenschutz 23: 165–168.
Hafez, Sh.M. & Maksoud, M.A., 1983. Mites attacking garlic in Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Horticulture 10: 115–120.
Lange, W.H. & Mann, L.K., 1960. Fumigation controls microscopic mite attacking garlic. California Agriculture 14: 9–10.
Lee, Y.W., Yamazaki, S., Osaki, T. & Inouye, T., 1979. Two elongated viruses in garlic, garlic latent virus and garlic mosaic virus. Annals of the Phytopathological Society of Japan 45: 727–734.
Mohamed, N.A. & Young, B.R., 1981. Garlic yellow streak virus, a potyvirus infecting garlic in New Zealand. Annals of Applied Biology 97: 65–74.
Noda, C. & Inouye, N., 1989. Leek yellow stripe virus isolated from an ornamentalAllium plant in Japan. Annals of the Phytopathological Society of Japan 55: 208–215.
Pizarro, A.C., Baniqued, N.C., Calica, C.A. & Bargonia, H.T., 1970. The cause and control of garlic ‘tangle-top’ (Abstract). Philippine Phytopathology 6: 9–10.
Razvjazkina, G.M., 1971. Das Zwiebelmosaik virus und seine Verbreitung im Freiland. Tagungsbericht, Akademie der Landwirtschaftswissenschaften der Deutschen Democratischen Republik 115: 69–76.
Razvjazkina, G.M., Kapkova, E.A., Cheremushkina, N.P. & Eremenko, V.D., 1969. Mosaic disease of garlic (In Russian). Zashchita Rasteniî 12: 23.
Scalopi, E.J., Vasconcellos, E.F.C. & Nakano, O., 1970. Sintomatologia do ataque de àcaros á variedades de alho. Solo 63: 37–38.
Schmelzer, K., Wolf, P. & Gippert, R., 1977. Gernüsepflanzen. In: Schmelzer, K. & Spaar, D. (Eds), Die Virosen an Gemüsepflanzen, Obstgewächsen und Weinreben in Europa. Akademie Verlag Berlin: 1–138.
Shukia, D.D., Ford, R.E., Tošić, M., Jilka, J. & Ward, C.W., 1989. Possible members of the potyvirus group transmitted by mites or whiteflies share epitopes with aphid-transmitted definitive members of the group. Archives of Virology 105: 143–151.
Slykhuis, J.T., 1980. Mites. In: Harris, K.F. & Maramorosch, K. (Eds), Vectors of plant pathogens. Academic Press, New York etc.: 325–356.
Smalley, E.B., 1956. The production on garlic by an eriophyid mite of symptoms like those produced by viruses. Phytopathology 46: 346–347.
Tulegenev, T.A., 1972. Virus diseases of onion and garlic in the Alma-Ata region (In Russian). Izvestiya Akademii Nauk Kazakhskoî SSR, Biologicheskaya 10: 33–38.
Vierbergen, G., 1989.Erlophyidae—Aceria tulipae op proefplanten voor onderzoek naar virustransmissie. Jaarboek Plantenziektenkundige Dienst 1988: 54.
Walkey, D.G.A., 1990. Virus diseases. In: Rabinowitch, H.D. & Brewster, J.L. (Eds), Onions and allied crops, Volume II. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Florida: 191–212.
Walkey, D.G.A., Webb, M.J.W., Bolland, C.J. & Miller, A., 1987. Production of virus-free garlic (Allium sativum L.) and shallot (A. ascalonicum L.) by meristem-tip culture. Journal of Horticultural Science 62: 211–220.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
van Dijk, P., Verbeek, M. & Bos, I. Mite-borne virus isolates from cultivated Allium species, and their classification into two new rymoviruses in the family Potyviridae. Neth. J. Pl. Path. 97, 381–399 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03041386
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03041386