Summary
With a prevalence of 5–10% the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder of premenopausal women. According to prospective studies abnormal glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus present in about 10.0% and 35.0% of adult women with PCOS, respectively. PCOS patients have a higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension and dyslipidaemia. The rate of spontaneous abortions as well as the risk of developing gestational diabetes is increased in PCOS. Therefore, PCOS is not only a reproductive problem, but a complex endocrine disease with important health implications. The role of glucose metabolism in PCOS, the health consequences and possible interventions are reviewed in this article.
Zusammenfassung
Das polyzystische Ovar-Syndrom (PCOS) ist mit einer Prävalenz von 5–10% die häufigste Endokrinopathie der Frau im reproduktiven Alter. Neben einem Hyperandrogenismus und irregulären Menstruationszyklen weisen diese Patientinnen eine Insulinresistenz und eine gestörte β-Zell-Funktion auf, so dass das PCOS nicht nur ein reproduktives Problem darstellt, sondern es sich vielmehr um eine komplexe endokrinologische Störung handelt mit weitreichenden Risiken, die einer frühzeitigen Prävention bedürfen. Die PCOS-patientinnen bilden ein Hochrisiko-Kollektiv für die Entwicklung eines Diabetes mellitus Typ II. Prospektive Studien geben die Prävalenz einer gestörten Glukosetoleranz bei erwachsenen PCOS-Patientinnen mit 31,0–35,0% an. Die Prävalenz eines Diabetes mellitus Typ II (DM II) beträgt 7,5–10,0%. Zudem besteht beim PCOS ein erhöhtes Risiko einer Dyslipidämie, eines Hypertonus und einer koronaren Herzkrankheit. PCOS-Patientinnen erleiden häufiger Spontanaborte und entwickeln in der Schwangerschaft häufiger einen Gestationsdiabetes. Durch diese Risiken stellt das PCOS eines der bedeutendsten Gesundheitsprobleme junger Frauen dar.
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Schröder, A.K., Tauchert, S., Ortmann, O. et al. Die Insulinresistenz beim polyzystischen Ovar-Syndrom. Wien Klin Wochenschr 115, 812–821 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03041041
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03041041