Abstract
This report describes the antioxidant characteristics of methanolic extracts from broad beans (Vicia fava). The methanolic extracts of broad beans (MEBB) exhibited a marked scavenging effect on superoxide. MEBB also exerted scavenging activities on hydrogen peroxide and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical. The radical scavenging activity of MEBB was highest when the scavenging effect of MEBB on Superoxide (IC50 = 0.15 mg/ml) was examined. These results suggest that MEBB have effective activities both as a radical scavenger and as a hydrogen donor. The chelating activity of MEBB (0.70 mg/ml) on Fe2+ and Cu2+ was 31.2% and 28.5%, respectively. The antioxidant effect of MEBB on lipid peroxidation might be attributed to their properties of scavenging free-radical species and their chelating activity on metal ions. The antioxidant activity of MEBB against tert-butyl hydroperoxide (BHP)-induced oxidative stress in WI-38 cells was assessed. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were measured as indices of oxidative stress. WI-38 cells incubated with 0.1 mM BHP for 2 hr exhibited the increase of SOD, catalase and GSH-Px activities over the control. When the cells incubated in MEBB (45–450 μg/ml) for 18 hr were subjected to a BHP challenge test, SOD activity returned to its control value or lower at all levels tested. When catalase activity was determined, a similar trend occurred except in the cells incubated in 112.5 μ g/ml MEBB. These results imply that MEBB inhibit oxidative stress in WI-38 cells.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ames BN, Shigenaga MK, Hagen TM. Oxidants, antioxidants, and the degenerative diseases of aging. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1993;90: 7915–22.
Sohal RS, Allen RG. Relationship between oxygen metabolism, aging and development. Adv Free Rad Biol Med 1986;2: 117–60.
Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC, Cross CE. Free radicals, antioxidants and human disease: where are we now? Lab Clin Med 1992;119: 598- 620.
Klebanoff SJ. Oxygen Metabolism. In: Gallin JI, Goldstein IM, Snyderman R, editors. Inflammation: Basic Principles and Clinical Correlates. New York: Raven Press, 1992: 541–88.
Augusto O, Gatti RM, Radu R. Spin-trapping studies of peroxynitrite decomposition and of 3-morpholinosydnonimeineN-ethylcarbamide autooxidation: direct evidence for metal-independent formation of free radical intermediates. Arch Biochem Biophys 1994;310: 118–25.
Wang P, Zwier JL. Measurement of nitric oxide and peroxynitrite generation in the postischemic heart: evidence for peroxynitrite-mediated reperfusion injury. J Biol Chem 1996;271: 29223–30.
Herrmann K. Flavonols and flavones in food plants: a review. J Fd Technol 1976;11: 433–48
Kim SJ, Han D, Park MH, Rhee JS. Screening for superoxide dismutase-like compounds and its activators in extracts of fruits and vegetables. Biosci Biotech Biochem 1994;58: 2263–5.
Lawlor SM, O’Brien NM. Astaxanthin: antioxidant effects in chicken embryo fibroblasts. Nutr Res 1995;15: 1695–704.
Swain T, Hills WE. The phenolic constituents of Prunus Domestica L: The quantitative analysis of phenolic constituents. J Sci Food Agric 1959;10: 63–81.
McCord JM, Fridovich I. Superoxide dismutase. An enzymic function for erythro cuprein (hemo cuprein). J Biol Chem 1969;244: 6049–55.
Yen G-C, Duh P-D. Scavenging effect of methanolic extracts of peanut hulls on free-radical and active-oxygen species. J Agric Food Chem 1994;42: 629–32.
Ruch KJ, Cheng SJ, Klaunig JE. Prevention of cytotoxicity and inhibition of intercellular communication by antioxidant catechin isolated from Chinese green tea. Carcinogenesis 1989;10: 1003–8.
Beers RF, Sizer IW. A spectrofluorometric method for measuring the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide by catalase. J Biol Chem 1952;195: 133–40.
Blois MS. Antioxidant determination by the use of a stable free radical. Nature 1958;4617: 1198–200.
Shimada K, Fujikawa K, Yahara K, Nakamura T. Antioxidative properties of xanthan on the autoxidation of soybean oil in cyclodextrin emulsion. J Agric Food Chem 1992;40:945–8.
Yoshino K, Hara Y, Sano M, Tomita I. Antioxidative effects of black tea theaflavins and thearubigin on lipid peroxidation of rat liver homogenates induced bytert-butyl hydroperoxide. Biol Pharm Bull 1994;17: 146–9.
Okada Y, Kimura H, Aoyama T. Neurotropin increasesin vitro life span of human fibroblasts. Mech Ageing Dev 1986;35: 133–43.
Rong Y, Geng Z, Lau BHS.GINKGO BILOBA attenuates oxidative stress in macrophages and endothelial cells. Free Radical Biol Med 1996;20: 121–7.
Crapo JD, McCord JM, Fridovich I. Preparation and assay of superoxide dismutases. Methods Enzymol 1978;53: 382–93.
Chance B, Maehly AC. Assay of catalases and peroxidases. Methods Enzymol 1955;2: 764–75.
Tappel AI. Glutathione peroxidase and hydroperoxides. Methods Enzymol 1978;52: 506–13.
Miwa I, Okuda J. Non-enzymatic reduction of alloxan by reduced nicotinamide nucleotide. Biochem Pharmac 1982;31: 921–5.
Salah N, Miller NJ, Paganga G, Tijburg L, Bolwell GP, Rice-Evans C. Polyphenolic flavanols as scavengers of aqueous phase radicals and as chain-breaking antioxidants. Arch Biochem Biophys 1995;322: 339–46.
Namiki M. Antioxidants/antimutagens in foods. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 1990;29: 273–300.
Dahl MK, Richardson T. Photogeneration of superoxide anion in serum of bovine milk and in model systems containing riboflavin and amino acids. J Dairy Sci 1978;61: 400–7.
Kellogg EW III, Fridovich I. Superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and singlet oxygen in lipid peroxidation by xanthine oxidase system. J Biol Chem 1975;250: 8812–7.
Aurand LW, Boonme NH, Giddings GG. Superoxide and singlet oxygen in milk lipid peroxidation. J Dairy Sci 1977;60: 363–9.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
An erratum to this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02931795.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Okada, M., Okada, Y., Inaba, R. et al. Scavenging effects of methanolic extracts of broad beans on free-radical species. Environ Health Prev Med 3, 6–11 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02931232
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02931232