Abstract
Heat stress limits botanical seed production by inhibiting flowering, pollen production and pollen viability. Three accessions (PIs) of each of 23 diverseSolanum species were screened for stability of fertility parameters under heat stress. Seedlings were grown to flowering in temperate conditions (16–25 C), then treated with three weeks of heat stress of up to 45 C for 4–6 hours per day at midday with nighttime lows of 18 C, and compared to temperate-grown controls. A highly significant effect of species, temperature, and their interaction was detected for flowering. This means species were inherently different and heat had a general depressing effect, but the degree of that effect varied among species. While most species had little flowering in the hot house,S. commersonii andmicrodontum flowered significantly more there than in the temperate house. Of species which flowered in hot conditions, some shed no pollen and some had good shed of mostly dead pollen, but onlyS. commersonii, jamesii, kurtzianum andmegistacrolobum had good flowering, pollen shed and viability. This work is expected to contribute to the study of the genetic and physiological bases of heat stress fertility, true potato seed (TPS) breeding, and possibly improvement of tomato production under heat stress.
Compendio
El estrés por calor inhibe la floración, la productión de polen y su viabilidad, limitando así la producción de semilla botánica. El mantenimiento de la fertilidad bajo temperatura alta fue evaluado en tres accesiones (PIs) de cada una de las 23 especies de Solanum utilizadas en el present estudio. Las plantas fueron mantenidas bajo condiciones temperadas (16–25 C) hasta su floración, luego fueron sometidas durante tres semanas a temperatura alta por 4–6 horas (hasta 45 C al mediodía y 18 C durante la noche) y comparadas con los contróles mantenidos a temperatura temperada. El análisis estadistico demostró que la floración fue afectada significativamente por la especie, temperatura y la interacción de ambas. Esto significa que las especies fueron inherentemente differentes y que la alta temperatura tuvo en general un efecto depresivo, pero el grado de este efect varió entre las diferentes especies. Mientras que la mayoría de especies mostró escasa floración bajo alta temperatura, S. commersonny S. microdontum florearon significativamente más que los respectivos controles a temperatura temperada. De las especies sometidas a alta temperatura, algunas no produjeron polen y otras produjeron polen mayormente no viable. Sólo S. commersonii, S. kurtzianum y S. megistacrolobum mostraron buena floración y produjeron polen viable. Con este trabajo se espera contribuir al estudio de la base genética y fisiológia de la fertilidad bajo altas temperaturas, mejoramiento de semilla botánica, y posiblemente el mejoramiento de la producción de tomate bajo altas temperaturas.
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Bamberg, J.B. Screening potato (Solanum) species for male fertility under heat stress. American Potato Journal 72, 23–33 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02874376
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02874376