Abstract
Development ofHelminthosporium solani Dur. & Mont. on artificially inoculated, excised potato tuber periderm, incubated in darkness and high humidity at 20 to 24°C, was studied using light and scanning electron microscopy. Spore germination occurred within 16 hours, and appressoria were observed 2 days after inoculation. Penetration of periderm was evident 4 days after inoculation. Conidiophores with young conidia developed on the periderm surface within 7 days of inoculation. Well-developed conidia were visible often by 9 days after inoculation. Rudimentary stromata were observed beneath conidiophore groupings at later stages of development.
In histological studies,H. solani hyphae were found in the phellem, phelloderm, and cortex of infected tuber sections. Basal cells of conidiophores or stromata were observed on the surface and in the outer tangential cork cell layers. Several layers of suberized and sometimes collapsed cortical cells were observed beneath disrupted and collapsed, infected periderm. Cavities sometimes formed between periderm and cortex, and callosities were observed on cell walls of some cortical cells beneath infected periderm.
Resumen
Con microscopía de luz y de exploración electrónica se estudió el desarrollo deHelminthosporium solani Dur. & Mont. sobre peridermis extirpada de tubérculos de papa, artificialmente inoculadas e incubada bajo condiciones de obscuridad, alta humedad y 20 a 24°C. La germinación de esporas tuvo lugar alrededor de 16 horas después de la inoculación. A los dos días de la inoculación se observaron apresorios. La penetración en la peridermis fue evidente cuatro dias después de la inoculación, y a los siete días se desarrollaron conidióforos con conidias jóvenes sobre la superficie de la peridermis. Se vieron conidias bien desarrolladas comúnmente nueve días después de inocular el patógeno. Se observaron estromas rudimentarios debajo de los grupos de conidióforos en estadíos posteriores de desarrollo.
En estudios histológicos, fueron detectadas hijas deH. solani en la peridermis, la felodermis y la cortex de secciones infectadas de tubérculos. Se observaron células basales de conidióforos o estromas sobre la superficie y en las capas corchosas externas y tangenciales (epidermis). Se observó suberización y a veces colapso de varias capas de células corticales por debajo de la peridermis infectada, desorganizada y flácida. Se formaron a veces cavidades entre la peridermis y la cortex, y se observaron callosidades sobre las paredes celulares de algunas células corticales debajo de la peridermis infectada.
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From a thesis submitted to the Academic Faculty of Colorado State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science.
Former Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523.
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Heiny, D.K., Mclntyre, G.A. Helminthosporium solani Dur. & Mont. development on potato periderm. American Potato Journal 60, 773–789 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02856896
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02856896