Abstract
Microbial antagonism was investigated as a possible method for control of bacterial wilt of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.), caused byPseudomonas solanacearum. Seed potato tubers were treated with a selected antagonistic bacterial isolate and coated with CaCO3. An amendment was also prepared, containing the same bacterial isolate. The bacterium used as a biological control and designated as isolate BC8 caused strong inhibition ofP solanacearum in both “in vitro” assays and growth cabinet conditions. In order to test the antagonistic capacity of isolate BC8 under field conditions, a completely randomized design was established in a soil naturally infested withP. solanacearum that included 12 treatments repeated 10 times, each one with 5 replications. The field experiment was planted on November 26, 1986 and the rate of wilt symptoms for each treatment was recorded periodically. Three tubers from each plant in each treatment were assayed for either presence ofP. solanacearum or the antagonistic isolate BC8. Treatments that included isolate BC8 gave the lowest amount of wilted plants and fewest tubers latently infected as well. Using this system, about 80% of the tubers assayed from plants growing in the naturally infested soil were colonized by the antagonistic isolate BC8 and free ofP. solanacearum. It was established that the pathogen was still present in the soil after 2 years of non-potato cropping and that latent infections play an important role in the dispersal ofP. solanacearum. The system of delivering bacteria in an amendment, as used in this work, proved to be much more efficient in the biological control ofP. solanacearum than just coating the seed potato tubers with the antagonistic isolate BC8.
Compendio
Antagonismo microbiano fue investigado como posible método para controlar la marchitez bacteriana en papas (Solanum tuberosum L.), causada porPseudomonas solanacearum. Tubérculos semillas de papas fueron tratados con una cepa antagonista bacteriana seleccionada y cubiertos con CaCO3. También se preparó una enmienda la cual incluía la misma cepa. La bacteria utilizada como control biológico y designada como cepa BC8 indujo una fuerte inhibición deP. solanacearum tanto en ensayos “in vitro” como en pruebas en cámaras climáticas. Para comprobar la capacidad antagonista de la cepa BC8, se estableció un ensayo de campo completamente al azar el cual incluyó 12 tratamientos con 10 repeticiones y cada uno con 5 replicaciones. El ensayo se sembró el 26 de Noviembre de 1986 y periódicamente se tomaron notas sobre el desarrollo de marchitez en cada tratamiento. Tres tubérculos por planta en cada tratamiento fueron analizados tanto para presencia deP. solanacearum como cepa BC8. Los tratamientos que incluyeron la cepa BC8 demostraron la menor incidencia de marchitez y la menor cantidad de infecciones latentes en tubérculos. Utilizando este sitema alrededor del 80% de los tubérculos analizados a partir de plantas en el suelo infestado en forma natural, estaban colonizadas con la cepa BC8 y libres deP. solanacearum. Se estableció que el patógeno estaba aun presente en el suelo despues de 2 años de ausencia de siembra de papa y que las infecciones latentes juegan un rol importante en la diseminación deP. solanacearum. El sitema de esparcir bacterias en una enmienda tal como se uso en este trabajo, fue mucho mas eficiente para controlar biológicamente aP. solanacearum que simplemente peletizar los tubérculos con la cepa antagonista BC8.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
Literature Cited
Acuña, R. 1985. Caracterizacion de la sintomatologia ocasionada por la marchitez bacteriana en cultivos de la papa en el pais. Resumenes XXXVI Congreso Anual, Sociedad Agronomica de Chile, Noviembre 1985, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
Broadbent, P., K.F. Baker and Y. Waterworth. 1971. Bacteria and actinomycetes antagonistic to fungal root pathogens in Australian soils. Aust J Biol Sci24: 925–944.
Buddenhagen, I.W. 1965. The relation of plant pathogenic bacteria to the soil.In: Ecology of soil borne plant pathogens (K.F. Baker and W.C. Snyder, Eds.). Univ California Press, Berkeley. pp. 269–284.
Buddenhagen, I. and A. Kelman. 1964. Biological and physiological aspects of bacterial wilt caused byPseudomonas solanacearum. Ann Rev Phytopathol 2: 203–230.
Bustamante, P. 1986. Estudio del efecto inhibitoro dePseudomonas solanacearum. E.F. Smith. Seminario de Investigacion. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
Chao, W.L., E.B. Nelson, G.E. Harman and H.C. Hoch. 1986. Colonization of the rhizosphere by biological control agents applied to seeds. Phytopathology 76: 60–65.
Ciampi, L., P. Bustamante and M. Polette. 1987. Isolation of soil bacteria with inhibitory activity toPseudomonas solanacearum. In: Plant Pathogenic Bacteria (E.L. Civerolo, A. Collmer, R.E. Davis and A.G. Gillaspie, Eds.). Martinus Nihhoff Pub., The Netherlands. pp. 733–739.
Ciampi, L., y R. Silva. 1985. Prospeccion dePseudomonas solanacearum en plantas y tuberculos de papa en la Xa. Region (Chile). Agro Sur 13: 91–98.
Ciampi, L. 1984. Bacterial wilt of potato in Chile. Plant Disease 58: 22–23.
Ciampi, L., L. Sequeira and E. French. 1980. Latent infection of potato tubers byPseudomonas solanacearum. Am Potato J 57: 377–386.
Ciampi, L. 1979. Distribution ofPseudomonas solanacearum in infected potato plants and the establishment of latent infections. University of Wisconsin, Department of Plant Pathology. 121 pp. (PhD Thesis).
Fernandez, C. 1984. Determinacion de la marchitez bacteriana de la papa causada porPseudomonas solanacearum en papa. E.F. Smith. Agriculatura Tecnica (Chile). 44: 173–174.
Geels, F.P. and B. Shippers. 1983. Selection of antagonistic fluorescentPseudomonas spp. and their root colonization and persistence following treatment of seed potatoes. Phytopathol Z 108: 193–206.
Granada, G.A. and L. Sequeira. 1983. A new selective medium forPseudomonas solanacearum. Plant Disease 67: 1084–1088.
Granada, G. and L. Sequeira. 1981. Survival ofPseudomonas solanacearum in the soil, rhizosphere and plants roots. Phytopathology 71: 877.
Ho, W.C., L.L. Chern and W.H. Xo. 1981. Some inhibiotory characteristics of soils suppressive toPseudomonas solanacearum. Phytopathology 71: 1138.
International Potato Center. 1984. Potatoes for the developing world. Lima, Peru. 150 pp.
Jackson, M.T. and L.C. Gonzalez. 1981. Persistence ofPseudomonas solanacearum (Race 1) in a naturally infested soil in Costa Rica. Phytopathology 71: 690–693.
Kempe, J. and L. Sequeira. 1983. Biological control of bacterial wilt of potatoes: attempts to induce resistance by treating the tubers with bacteria. Plant Disease 67: 499–503.
Leong, J. 1985. Siderophores: their biochemistry and possible role in the biocontrol of plant pathogens. Ann Rev Phytopathol 24: 187–209.
Lynch, J.M. andM.H. Ebben. 1986. The use of microorganisms to control plant disease. J App Bacteriol (Symposium Supplement) II5S-126S.
Nesmith, W.C. and S.F. Jenkings, Jr. 1985. Influence of antagonistics and controlled matric potential on the survival ofPseudomonas solanacearum in four North Carolina soils. Phytopathology 75: 1182–1187.
Nesmith, W.C. and S.F. Jenkings, Jr. 1983. Survival ofPseudomonas solanacearum in selected North Carolina soils. Phytopathology 73: 1300–1304.
Nesmith, W.C. and S.F. Jenkings, Jr. 1979. A selective medium for the isolation and quantification ofPseudomonas solanacearum from soil. Phytopathology 69: 182–185.
Rovira, A.D. and D.C. Sands. 1971. Fluorescent pseudomonads, a residual component in the soil microflora. J Appl Bacteriol 34: 253–259.
Shaad, N.W. 1980. Laboratory guide for identification of plant pathogenic bacteria. Am Phytopathol. So. St. Paul, Minnesota. 72 pp.
Xu, G.W. and D.C. Gross. 1986. Selection of fluorescent pseudomonads antagonistic toErwinia carotovora and suppressive to potato seed piece decay. Phytopathology 76: 414–422.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Joint Research Project between the Universidad Austral de Chile (Valdivia) and the Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (La Platina, Santiago). Funds for this study were provided by a Grant from the Asociacion Nacional de Productores de Semillas (ANPROS-Santiago).
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ciampi-Panno, L., Fernandez, C., Bustamante, P. et al. Biological control of bacterial wilt of potatoes caused byPseudomonas solanacearum . American Potato Journal 66, 315–332 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02854019
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02854019