Abstract
Atlantic and Superior potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers were collected at harvest from two field experiments in Maine during 1993 and 1994. Tubers were analyzed for ascorbic acid (ASC) and total glycoalkaloid (TGA) concentration within one month of harvest and after 4 to 5 months of storage at 10 C. ASC concentration was significantly higher in Superior than Atlantic at harvest and after storage. TGA concentration was consistently higher in Atlantic than Superior. Irrigation tended to slightly reduce ASC and increase α-solanine concentrations when applied too late in the season for yield benefits. Storage decreased tuber ASC content, but no specific pattern was observed for TGA changes. Soil amendment programs using compost and manure (22 Mg ha−1 potato compost + 45 Mg ha−1 manure) did not dramatically affect tuber ASC or TGA concentrations. ASC content of the tubers declined dramatically in storage, but no consistent pattern was found for tuber TGA changes. We conclude that genotype, growing environment, and storage time play much stronger roles in determining tuber ASC and TGA levels than do irrigation and soil management programs. We observed a negative relationship between the average tuber size of the assayed samples and ASC concentration in fall samplings; however, this relationship was not observed from storage. Average tuber size and TGA content generally displayed a negative relationship.
Compendio
Se recolectaron en Maine tubérculos de las variedades Atlantic y Superior (Solanum tuberosum L.) a la cosecha en dos experimentes de campo durante 1993 y 1994. Los tubérculos fueron analizados para determinar la concentración de ácido ascórbico (CAA) y el total de glicoalcaloides (TGA) a un mes de la cosecha y después de 4 a 5 meses de almacenamiento a 10 C. La CAA fue significativamente mayor en la variedad Superior que en Atlantic tanto a la cosecha como después del almacenamiento. La concentración de TGA fue consistentemente mayor en Atlantic que en Superior. La irrigación tendió a reducir ligeramente la CAA y a aumentar las concentración de solanina cuando fue aplicada demasiado tarde en la temporada para beneficiar el rendimiento. El almacenamiento disminuyó el contenido de ácido ascórbico de los tubérculos; sin embargo, no se observó ningún patron específico para los cambios de TGA. Los programas de enmiendas de suelo empleando abono y estiércol (22 t ha−1 de abono de papa + 45 t ha−1 de estiércol) no afectaron en forma dramática las concentraciones de AA o TGA; sin embargo, no se encontró ningún patrón consistente para los cambios de TGA en los tubérculos. Concluímos que el genotipo, el ambiente de crecimiento y el tiempo de almacenamiento cumplen papeles más decisivos en la determinación de la CAA y TGA de los tubérculos que los programas de irrigación y manejo de suelos. Observamos una relación negativa entre el promedio del tamano del tubérculo de las muestras analizadas y la concentración de AA en las muestras de otoño; sin embargo, no se observó esta relación en el almacenamiento. El promedio del tamaño del tubérculo y el contenido de TGA mostraron por lo general una relación negativa.
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Former Graduate Research Assistant, University of Maine
Maine Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station Publication #2124. Research Supported by USDA-CSRS Grants #91-3414-5904 and 94-34141-0040.
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Zhang, L., Porter, G.A. & Bushway, R.J. Ascorbic acid and glycoalkaloid content of Atlantic and Superior potato tubers as affected by supplemental irrigation and soil amendments. American Potato Journal 74, 285–304 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02851573
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02851573