Abstract
Lichens are a good example of the virtues of simplicity and cooperation. They survive in extremes of climatic conditions, ranging from low tide level on the sea shore to the high reaches of the Himalaya, beyond the tree line, in the arctic Tundra.
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D D Awasthi, A key to the macrolichens of India and Nepal,Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab., 65, pp.207–302, 1988.
M E Hale,The Biology of Lichens, 3rd ed. London, Edward Arnold, 1983.
H R Negi, Assessing and Conserving India’s Biodiversity of Lichens, InSustainable Management of Forests-India (edited by A Arunachalam and M L Khan), International Book Distributors, Dehra Dun, India, pp. 77–109, 2001.
D H S Richardson,Pollution Monitoring with Lichens, England, Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd., 1992.
M R D Seaward,Lichen Ecology, London, Academic Press, 1977.
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Negi, H.R. Lichens: A valuable bioresource for environmental monitoring and sustainable development. Reson 8, 51–58 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02834450
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02834450