Abstract and Summary
Among supported nickel-based hydrogenation catalysts, the Ni crystallite size apparently plays a secondary role in net hydrogenation activity for undistilled tallow fatty acids and nonselective hydro-genation of oxidized soybean oil. The nickel crystal-lite size measured by the x-ray diffraction profile broadening technique of Scherrer varied between 55 A and 150 A. The commercial catalyst with the small-est nickel crystallite size, in the samples studied, was not the most active for hardening soybean oil, while fatty acid hydrogenation showed a large crystallite catalyst to have the highest activity. Since the percent reduced nickel used in catalytic hydrogenation is not well known if the Ni/NiO ratio is poorly defined, relative activities were then correlated with qualita-tive x-ray diffraction measurements of the Ni/NiO values. Again, there was no trend in activity as a func-tion of Ni/NiO. This apparent puzzle is probably due to real differences in the micro structure of the catalyst support. A series of experimental reductions using a common green catalyst led to very good cor-relations between net activity for fatty acid hydro-genation and the crystallite size and Ni/NiO ratio. On a given support, the crystallite dimension can be modified by the reduction treatment and is not sharply fixed by the selection of nickel salt and sup-port. If the stoichiometric ratio of hydrogen is lowered, the crystallite dimension is reduced, but so is the qualitative efficiency of reduction (Ni/NiO), with the result that an exceptionally small crystallite size catalyst may be less active than one with larger crystals, but with more reduced Ni/unit weight.
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Dafler, J.R. Nickel crystallite size and net activity of hydrogenation catalysts. J Am Oil Chem Soc 54, 17–23 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02671367
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02671367