Abstract
A one-dimensional steady-state model for momentum transfer in ascending gas-liquid-powder plumes has been developed for conditions relevant to powder injection refining processes. Inter-phase transport of momentum permits the calculation of the volume fraction and velocity of the gas, liquid, and solid phases as they rise in the melt. The effects of plume geometry, initial conditions, density of the phases, head of liquid, bubble size, and powder loading and properties are assessed. Liquid velocities in gas-only injection into water compare favorably with available experimental data. Significantly lower liquid velocities are predicted in liquid metals. At solids loadings used in commercial powder injection stations, the powder is expected to have only a small effect on liquid velocity. For wire injection conditions with little gas release, liquid velocities are considerably smaller.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
G. A. Irons:ISS Transactions, 1984, vol. 5, pp. 33–45.
G. A. Irons and L.R. Farias:Metall. Trans. B, 1985, vol. 16B, pp. 211–25.
G. B. Wallis:One Dimensional Two Phase Flow, McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, 1969.
M. Sano and K. Mori:Proceedings of Scaninject III Conference, 1983, Luleå, Sweden, June 15–17, Mefos and Jernkontoret, pp. 6:1–6:17.
N. El-Kaddah and I. Szekely:Ironmaking and Steelmaking, 1981, no. 6, pp. 269–78.
Y. Sahai and R.I.L. Guthrie:Metall. Trans. B, 1982, vol. 13B, pp. 193–202.
J. W. McKelliget, M. Cross, and R.D. Gibson:Appl. Math. Modelling, 1982, vol. 6, pp. 469–80.
R. Clift, J. R. Grace, and M. E. Weber:Bubbles, Drops and Particles, Academic Press, New York, NY, 1978.
C. W. Gear:Numerical Initial Value Problems in Ordinary Differential Equations, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1971.
T. Hsiao, T. Lehner, and B. Kjellberg:Scan. J. of Metall., 1980, vol. 9, pp. 105–10.
J. Szekely, T. Lehner, and C. W. Chang:Ironmaking and Steelmaking, 1979, no. 6, pp. 285–93.
R. J. Fruehan and L. J. Martonik:3rd Iron and Steel Congress, Chicago, IL, 1978, pp. 229–38.
M. Sano and K. Mori:Transactions ISIJ, 1980, vol. 20, pp. 675–81.
G. A. Irons, L. R. Farias, and L. K. Chiang: unpublished research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, 1985.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Formerly with McMaster University
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Farias, L.R., Irons, G.A. A multi-phase model for plumes in powder injection refining processes. Metall Trans B 17, 77–85 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02670821
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02670821