Abstract
Two new phases in anhydrous sodium palmitate have been demonstrated. On heating, the crystalline curd phase transforms not directly to liquid crystalline neat soap, as previously believed, but (near 125° C.) to “waxy soap.” At 195°, a softer “sub-neat” phase appears. The familiar phases, neat soap and isotropic liquid nigre do not appear until 255° and 297° respectively. All of these phases have a stable range of existence, the transitions being reversible on cooling. Photomicrographs of each phase, and a typical dilatometer curve with data illustrate the nature of the evidence.
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References
Ber.43, 3120 (1910) Vorländer
Ber.32, 1598 (1899) Krafft
Alexander’s Coll. Chem. Vol. I, Chapter by McBain (1926)
Z. physik Chem. A147, 92–110 (1930)
J. Chem. Soc. p. 921 (1933) McBain & Field
International Critical Tables (1929) Vol. V., p. 449.
A.S.C. Lawrence Trans. Farad. Soc. 34, 660, (1938). The figures given in Table V refer to sodium palmitate monohydrate. If the samples were prepared, as would be inferred, by drying the soap to constant weight at temperatures just above 100° C., anhydrous soap would result.
See Thiessen & Stauff. Z. phys. Chem. A176, 397 (1936), (and previous papers). These authors believe that certain “genotypical” transformations occur within the solid soap at temperatures well below 100° C. Our experience indicates that these changes are relatively small compared with the phase changes discussed herein.
J. Am. Chem. Soc. Sept. 1938 p. 2066 Vold & Ferguson.
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Vold, R.D., Rosevear, F.B. & Ferguson, R.H. New allotropic forms of anhydrous sodium palmitate. Oil Soap 16, 48–51 (1939). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02638185
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02638185