Abstract
This paper presents, first, a synthesis of the research work carried out at LCPC on the dynamic behaviour of concrete structures, and second, the studies which remain to be performed in response to professional needs.
The main advances of this research can be summarized as follows:
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-For strain rates less or equal to 1 s−1, an increase in material strength is related to viscous phenomena due to the presence of free water in the nanopores of concrete hydrates. This increase is independent of the water/cement ratio of the concrete. For strain rates equal to or greater than 10 s−1, inertia forces are mainly responsable for increasing strength.
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-Two numerical modellings are being implemented in the finite-element code CESAR-LCPC: the first is a visco-elastoplastic degrading model with viscous hardening; the second is a discrete probabilistic viscous cracking model. These models take into account the physical mechanisms observed and analyzed during the experimental studies.
Further experimental and theoretical studies of the dynamic behaviour of the rebar/concrete interface appear as a priority for the future.
Résumé
Cet article présente, d'une part, une synthèse des travaux réalisés au Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées sur le comportement dynamique des structures en béton, et d'autre part, une liste, non exhaustive, des recherches qu'il reste à mener dans le domaine pour répondre aux besoins des professionnels.
Les principales connaissances acquises, ainsi que les avancées constatées lors de ces travaux peuvent se résumer ainsi:
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-C'est la présence d'eau libre à l'échelle des hydrates du béton qui induit des augmentations de résistance, indépendantes du rapport eau/ciment du béton, pour des vitesses de déformation inférieures ou égales à 1 s−1. Pour des vitesses de déformation supérieures ou égales à 10 s−1, ce sont principalement les effets d'inertie qui sont à l'origine des augmentations de résistance.
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-Deux modèles numériques relatifs au comportement dynamique du béton ont été développés et intégrés dans le code aux éléments finis CESAR-LCPC: le premier est un modèle visco-élastoplastique avec écrouissage visqueux, alors que le second est un modèle probabiliste de fissuration discrète avec prise en compte de la viscosité du matériau. Ces deux modèles intègrent les mécanismes physiques mis en évidence lors des études expérimentales.
L'étude expérimentale et théorique du comportement en dynamique de l'interface acier-béton est considérée comme prioritaire pour les années à venir.
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Editorial note Pierre Rossi is working at the Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées, a French RILEM Titular Member. Pierre Rossi was a member of RILEM Technical Committee 90 FMC on Fracture Mechanics of Concrete; he is still active as a member of the Editorial Group of this committee. He is also participating in the work of the recently set-up Technical Committee TDF on Test and Design methods for steel Fibre reinforced concrete. Dr. Rossi was awarded the Robert l'Hermite Medal for 1996 at the last meeting of the RILEM General Council in Garston, UK, on 26 September 1996. This paper is the final version of the lecture delivered by the author on this occasion.
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Rossi, P. Strain rate effects in concrete structures: The LCPC experience. Mat. Struct. 30 (Suppl 1), 54–62 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02539277
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02539277