Abstract
Different concentrations of polar fractions, methanol-soluble (MESF), or water-soluble (WASF), of 1–8% equivalent to fresh garlic paste were added to yellow corn-soybean based diets and fed to 5-week-old male broiler chickens for 3 weeks to measure the inhibition of hepatic β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (7α-hydroxy) and fatty acid synthetase (FAS). Dose-related decreases in the activities of these enzymes were obtained. Decreases in serum total cholesterol and in low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were also observed. There was no effect on the level of cholesterol in high density lipoprotein (HDL). The most effective dose for these decreases was found 0.54% (MESF) and 1.2% (WASF) equivalent to 6% of the fresh garlic. The inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase and FAS by 25–300 μm of MESF or WASF for 15 min was tested in vitro, in male and female chicken hepatocytes. Inhibitions of activity were dose-dependent and the degree of inhibition increased with duration of incubation (150 μg of MESF or WASF 5 to 60 min). Dietary supplementation of odorless WASF of garlic was found to be very effective in lowering the total and LDL cholesterol levels compared to control chickens.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Carroll, K. K., and Hamilton, R. M. G. (1975) J. Food Sci. 40, 18–32.
Kritchevsky, D., Kolman, R. R., Guttmacher, R. M., and Forbes, M. (1959) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 85, 444–451.
Kritchevsky, D., Tepper, S. A., and Story, J. A. (1975) J. Food Sci. 40, 8–11.
Ebihara, K., Hirao, A., and Kiriyama, S. (1978) J. Agric. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 52(9)401–408.
Kritchevsky, D. (1978) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 31, 565–574.
van Berge-Henegouwen, G. P., Huybregts, A. W., van de Werf, S., demacker, P., and Schade, R. W. (1979) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 32, 794–798.
Jenkins, D. J. A., Reynolds, D., Slavin, B., Leeds, A. R., Jenkins, A. L. and Jepson, E. M. (1980) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 33, 575–581.
Chen, W. L., Anderson, J. W., and Gould, M. R. (1981) Nutr. Rept. Int. 24, 1093–1098.
Story, J. A., Baldino, A., Czarnecki, S. K., and Kritchevsky, D. (1981) Nutr. Rept. Int. 24, 1213–1219.
Bordia, A. (1981) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 34, 2100–2103.
Chi, M. S., Koh, E. T., and Stewart, T. J. (1982) J. Nutr. 112, 241–248.
Kamanna, V. S., and Chandrasekhara, N. (1982) Lipids 17, 483–486.
Kritchevsky, D., Tepper, S. A., Morrisey, R., and Klurfeld, D. (1980) Nutr. Rept. Int. 22, 641–645.
Chang, M. C., and Johnson, M. S. (1980) J. Nutr. 110, 931–936.
Stoll, A., and Seebeck, E. (1951) in Advances in Enzymology, (Nord, F. F., ed.) Vol. 11, pp. 377–400, Interscience, New York.
Qureshi, A. A., Din, Z. Z., Ahmad, Y., Elson, C. E., and Burger, W. C. (1983) J. Nutr. (in press).
Zahlten, R. N., and Stratman, F. W. (1974) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 163, 600–608.
Qureshi, A. A., Burger, W. C., Elson, C. E., and Benevenga, N. J. (1982) Lipids 17, 924–934.
Qureshi, A. A., Abuirmeileh, N., Burger, W. C., Din, Z. Z., and Elson, C. E. (1983) Atherosclerosis 46, 203–216.
Gornall, A. G., Bardawill, C. J., and David, M. M. (1949) J. Biol. Chem. 177, 751–766.
Snedecor, G. W., and Cochran, W. G. (1971) in Statistical Method, 6th ed., pp. 258–298, The Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA.
Bordia, S. K., Verma, A. K., Vyas, B. L., Rathore, A. S., Bhu, N., and Bed, H. K. (1977) Atherosclerosis 26, 379–387.
Miller, G. J., and Miller, N. E. (1975) Lancet 1, 16–19.
Carew, T. E., Koschinsky, T., Hayes, S. B., and Steinberg, D. (1976) Lancet 1, 1315–1317.
Subba Rao, D., Chandra Sekhara, N., Stayanarayana, M. N., and Srinvasan, M. (1970) J. Nutr. 100, 1307–1315.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Cooperative investigation between the Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, and College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison. A preliminary report of this work was presented at the 66th Annual Meeting of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, New Orleans, LA, April 1982, Abs. 41∶554 (1982).
Mention of a trademark or proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the US Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable.
About this article
Cite this article
Qureshi, A.A., Abuirmeileh, N., Din, Z.Z. et al. Inhibition of cholesterol and fatty acid biosynthesis in liver enzymes and chicken hepatocytes by polar fractions of garlic. Lipids 18, 343–348 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02537229
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02537229