Abstract
To examine the effect of fish oil supplementation on the fatty acid (FA) composition of human milk and maternal and infant erythrocytes, five lactating women were supplemented with 6 g of fish oil daily for 21d. Usual maternal diets contained 1,147 mg of total n−3 FA, with 120 mg from very long-chain (>C18) n−3 FA. Supplementation increased dietary levels to 3,092 mg of total n−3 FA and 2,006 mg of very long-chain n−3 FA. Milk samples were collected daily, prior to fish oil ingestion, and at 4-h intervals on days 1, 7, 14 and 21. Milk n−3 FA content increased within 8 h and reached steady state levels within one week. The n−6 fatty acid content decreased. Erythrocyte eicosapentaenoic acid content increased from 0.24% to 1.4% (P<0.01) in mothers and from 0.11% to 0.70% (P<0.05) in infants. Docosapentaenoic acid increased from 1.4% to 2.2% (P<0.05) in mothers and from 0.30% to 0.78% (P<0.01) in infants. There was no significant change in docosahexaenoic acid or n−6 fatty acid content. Maternal platelet aggregation responses were variable. No differences in milk or plasma tocopherol levels were noted.
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Abbreviations
- ADP:
-
adenosine phosphate
- ANOVA:
-
analysis of variance
- DHA:
-
docosahexaenoic acid
- DPA:
-
docosapentaenoic acid
- EPA:
-
eicosapentaenoic acid
- FA:
-
fatty acid(s)
- GLC:
-
gas-liquid chromatography
- HPLC:
-
high-pressure liquid chromatography
- P/S:
-
polyunsaturated/saturated ratio
- RDA:
-
recommended daily allowance
- VLC-PUFA:
-
very long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid(s) (longer than C18)
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Henderson, R.A., Jensen, R.G., Lammi-Keefe, C.J. et al. Effect of fish oil on the fatty acid composition of human milk and maternal and infant erythrocytes. Lipids 27, 863–869 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02535865
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02535865