Abstract
The in vivo fatty acid synthesis rate, selected enzyme activities and fatty acid composition of rat white adipose tissue from animals fed semisynthetic diets of differing fat type and content were studied. All animals were starved for 48 hr and then refed a fat-free (FF) diet for 48 hr. They were then divided into three groups. One group was continued on the FF diet for 48 hr. Another group was fed a diet containing 44% of calories from corn oil (CO). The final group was fed a diet containing 44% of calories from completely hydrogenated soybean oil (HSO). The animals on the FF diet had a marked increase in adipose tissue fatty acid synthesis during the 96-hr feeding peroid (as measured by3H incorporation into adipose fatty acids). Addition of either CO or HSO to the diets did not significantly inhibit fatty acid synthesis in dorsal or epididymal adipose tissue. The activities of the enzymes' fatty acid synthetase, ATP-citrate lyase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase increased on the FF diet and generally were not inhibited significantly by the addition of either fat to the diets. Linoleic acid was the major polyunsaturated fatty acid (ca. 22%) in adipose tissue. Monounsaturated fatty acids (palmitoleic, oleic,cis-vaccenic) made up ca 38% of the total adipose fatty acids, while saturated fatty acids accounted for about 32% (myristic, palmitic and stearic). White adipose tissue in mature male rats was a major depot for n−3 fatty acids. There were differences in the fatty acid composition of epididymal and dorsal adipose tissue, particularly in their content of long chain, polyunsaturated fatty acids with epididymal tissue containing more of these compounds than dorsal fat. The fatty acid composition of the white adipose tissue did not change significantly during fasting or 96 hr of refeeding the FF diets. The addition of HSO to the diet for 48 hr had little influence on the adipose tissue fatty acid composition, but the addition of CO to the diet caused a 7% increase in the dorsal adipose tissue linoleate content (as percentage of total dorsal adipose tissue fatty acids) within 48 hr compared to animals fed the stock diet and those starved for 48 hr. The fatty acid synthesis data indicated that adipose tissue in the rat can continue to be a source of de novo fatty acid synthesis in animals consuming high-fat diets.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Allman, D.W., Hubbard, D.D., and Gibson, D.M. (1965)J. Lipid Res. 6, 63–74.
Fain, J.N., and Scow, R.O. (1966)Am. J. Physiol. 210, 19–25.
Romsos, D.R., and Leveille, G.A. (1974)Adv. Lipid Res. 12, 97–146.
Clarke, S.D. (1984)Contemp. Nutr. 9, Part 4.
Vernon, R.G. (1976)Lipids 11, 662–669.
Vernon, R.G. (1980)Prog. Lipid Res. 19, 23–106.
Cunnane, S.C., Manku, M.S., and Horrobin, D.F. (1985)Br. J. Nutr. 53, 441–448.
McNamara, J.D., and Hillers, J.K. (1986)J. Lipid Res. 27, 150–157.
Clarke, S.D., Romsos, D.R., and Leveille, G.A. (1977)J. Nutr. 107, 1277–1287.
Michaelis, O.E. IV, Scholfield, D.J., Nace, C.S., and Resier, S. (1978)J. Nutr. 108, 919–925.
Baltzell, J.K.M., and Berdanier, C.D. (1985)J. Nutr. 115, 104–110.
Kim, M., and Elson, C.E. (1981)J. Nutr. 111, 1985–1995.
Jamdar, S.C., Osborne, L.J., and Wells, G.N. (1986)Lipids 21, 460–464.
Gandemer, G., Pascal, G., and Durand, G. (1982)Int. J. Biochem. 14, 797–804.
Vydelingum, N., Drake, R.L., Elienne, J., and Kissebah, A. (1983)Am. J. Physiol. 245, E121-E131.
Robinson, D.S., Parkin, S.M., Speake, B.K., and Little, J.A. (1983) inThe Adipocyte and Obesity: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms (Angel, A., Hollenberg, C.H., and Roncari, D.A.K., eds.) pp. 127–137, Raven Press, New York.
Stansbie, D., Brownsey, R.W., Crettaz, M., and Denton, R.M. (1976)Biochem. J. 160, 413–416.
Hems, D.A., Rath, E.A., and Verrinder, J.R. (1975)Biochem. J. 150, 167–173.
Romsos, D.R., and Leveille, G.A. (1974)Biochim. Biophys. Acta 360, 1–11.
Kannan, R., Learn, D.B., Baker, N., and Elovson, J. (1980)Lipids 15, 993–998.
Nace, C.S., Szepesi, B., and Michaelis, O.E. IV (1979)J. Nutr. 109, 1094–1102.
Hollenberg, C.H. (1966)J. Clin. Invest. 45, 205–216.
Borenztajin, J., and Getz, G.S. (1972)Biochim. Biophys. Acta 280, 86–93.
Reiser, R., Williams, M.C., Sorrels, M.F., and Murty, N.L. (1963)Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 102, 276–285.
Gandemer, G., Durand, G., and Pascal, G. (1983)Lipids 18, 223–228.
Jungas, R.L. (1968)Biochemistry 7, 3708–3716.
Kannan, R.L., Palmquist, D., and Baker, N. (1976)Biochim. Biophys. Acta 431, 225–232.
Baker, N., Learn, D.B., and Bruckdorfer, R.K. (1978)J. Lipid Res. 19, 879–893.
Windmueller, H.G., and Spaeth, A.E. (1966)J. Biol. Chem. 241, 2891–2899.
Wahle, K.W.J. (1974)Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 48B, 565–574.
Becker, W. (1984)J. Nutr. 114, 1690–1696.
Privett, O.S., Blank, M.L., and Verdino, B. (1965)J. Nutr. 85, 187–195.
Takeuchi, H., Ito, A., and Nuramatzu, K. (1985)Agri. Biol. Chem. 49, 1853–1855.
Awad, A.B. (1981)J. Nutr. 111, 34–39.
Nelson, G.J., Kelley, D.S., Schmidt, P.C., and Serrato, C.M. (1987)Lipids 22, 88–94.
Kelley, D.S., Nelson, G.J., Serrato, C.M., and Schmidt, P.C.,Nutr. Res., in press.
Nelson, G.J., Kelley, D.S., and Hunt, J.E. (1986)Lipids 21, 454–459.
Morrison, W.R., and Smith, L.M. (1964)J. Lipid Res. 5, 600–608.
Kelley, D.S., Nelson, G.J., and Hunt, J.E. (1986)Biochem. J. 235, 87–90.
Linn, T.C., Stalk, M.J., and Srere, P.A. (1980)J. Biol. Chem. 255, 1388–1392.
Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr, A.L., and Randall, R.J. (1951)J. Biol. Chem. 193, 265–275.
Smith, S., and Abraham, S. (1970)Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 136, 112–121.
Wiegand, R.D., Rao, G.A., and Reiser, R. (1973)J. Nutr. 103, 1414–1424.
Flick, P.N., Chen, J., and Vagelos, P.R. (1977)J. Biol. Chem. 252, 4242–4249.
Brenner, R.R. (1984)Prog. Lipid Res. 23, 69–96.
Clarke, S.D., Romsos, D.R., and Leveille, G.A. (1977)J. Nutr. 107, 1170–1181.
Triscari, J., Hamilton, J.G., and Sullivan, A.C. (1978)J. Nutr. 108, 815–825.
Armstrong, M.K., Romsos, D.R., and Leveille, G.A. (1976)J. Nutr. 106, 884–891.
Becker, W., and Mansson, J.E. (1985)J. Nutr. 115, 1248–1258.
Carrozza, G., Livera, G., Caponetti, R., and Manasseri, L. (1979)J. Nutr. 108, 162–170.
Lepage, G., and Roy, C.C. (1986)J. Lipid Res. 27, 114–120.
Van Kuijik, F.J.G.M., Thomas, D.W., Konopelski, J.P., and Dratz, E.A. (1986)J. Lipid Res. 27, 452–456.
Husang, Y.S., Horrobin, D.E., Manku, M.S., Mitchell, J., and Ryan, M.A. (1984)Lipids 19, 367–370.
Wahle, K.W.J., and Radcliffe, J.D. (1977)Lipids 12, 135–139.
Awad, A.B., and Chattopadhyay, J.P. (1986)J. Nutr. 116, 1095–1100.
Becker, W., and Bruce, A. (1986)Lipids 21, 121–126.
Kulmacz, R.J., Sirarajan, M., and Lands, W.E.M. (1986)Lipids 21, 21–25.
Bieri, J.G., and Prival, E.L. (1965)Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 15, 275–282.
Swanson, J.E., and Kinsella, J.E. (1986)J. Nutr. 116, 514–523.
Hague, T.A., and Christopherson, B.O. (1984)Biochim. Biophys. Acta 796, 205–217.
Carlson, S.E., Carver, J.D., and House, S.G. (1986)J. Nutr. 116, 718–725.
Marzouki, Z.M.H., and Coniglio, J.G. (1984)Lipids 19, 609–616.
Lands, W.E.M. (1986) inFish and Human Health, Academic Press, Orlando, pp. 91–125.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
About this article
Cite this article
Nelson, G.J., Kelley, D.S., Schmidt, P.C. et al. The influence of dietary fat on the lipogenic activity and fatty acid composition of rat white adipose tissue. Lipids 22, 338–344 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02534003
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02534003