Abstract
Olive, sunflower, and soybean oils were physically refined in a discontinuous laboratory system with either nitrogen or steam as stripping gas during the deodorization step. Comparative assays were also carried out on olive oil in a 10-MT discontinuous industrial plant. Vaporization efficiency of free fatty acids was calculated, and quality of refined oils and composition of deodorizer distillates were analyzed. Results indicated that, in all assays, the efficiency of free fatty acid distillation was higher when nitrogen was used. The amount of nitrogen needed was much lower than that of steam for refined oils of similar high quality. The results also suggested that the amount of stripping gas had a clear influence on the composition of deodorizer distillates because lower quantities of triglycerides and unsaponifiable matter were found when nitrogen was employed.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Norris, F., Deodorization, inBailey's Industrial Oil and Fat Products. Vol. 3, edited by T.H. Applewhite, J. Wiley & Sons, New York, 1985, pp. 897–930.
Huesa, J., and M.C. Dobarganes, ES Patent 2,013,206 (1990).
Graciani, E., F. Rodriguez-Berbel, A. Paredes, and J. Huesa, Deacidification by Distillation Using Nitrogen as Stripper. Possible Application to the Refining of Edible Fats,Grasas y Aceites 42:286–292 (1991).
Graciani, E., J.C. Bada-Gancedo, F. Rodriguez-Berbel, and M.V. Ruiz-Méndez, Physical Refining of Edible Oils Using Nitrogen as Stripping Gas. Process Optimization, 45:132–146 (1994).
Ruiz-Méndez, M.V., A. Garrido-Fernandez, F. Rodriguez-Berbel, and E. Graciani-Constante, Relationships Among the Variables Involved in the Physical Refining of Olive Oil Using Nitrogen as Stripping Gas,Fett-Lipid 98:121–125 (1996).
Defense, E., Refinación con vapor: Comparación de la teoría con la practica,Dossier Oleo: 49–57 (1994).
Loft, S.C., Deodorization: Theory and Practice, inProceedings of the World Conference on Edible Fats and Oils Processing: Basic Principles and Modern Practices, edited by D.R. Erickson, American Oil Chemists' Society, Champaign, 1990, pp. 117–123.
Dobarganes, M.C., M.C. Pérez-Camino, G. Márquez-Ruiz, and M.V. Ruiz-Méndez, New Analytical Possibilities in Quality Evaluation of Refined Oils, in, pp. 427–429.
Official Methods and Recommended Practices of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 3rd edn., edited by D. Firestone, Champaign, 1991.
Standard Method for the Analysis of Oils, Fats and Derivatives, 1o Supplement 7th ed., edited by IUPAC, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1992, Method 2.432.
Ruiz-Méndez, M.V., G. Márquez-Ruiz, and M.C. Dobarganes, Cuantificación de los compuestos mayoritarios presentes en los destilados de desodorización de grasas y aceites,Grasas y Aceites 46:21–25 (1995).
Darbre, A., Esterification, inHandbook of Derivatives for Chromatography, edited by K. Blaud y G. King, Heyden and Sons Ltd., London, 1978, pp. 39–103.
Gracián, J., and M. Mancha, Fenómenos de transesterificación durante el calentamiento de aceites de oliva y orujo y su influencia en la alteración de la estructura glicerídica,Grasas y Aceites 22:30–39 (1971).
Nawar, W.W., Chemistry of Thermal Oxidation of Lipids, inFlavor Chemistry of Fats and Oils, edited by D.B. Min and T.H. Smouse, American Oil Chemists' Society, Champaign, 1985, pp. 39–60.
Szabo Sarkadi, D., Hydrolysis During Deodorization of Fatty Oils. Catalytic Action of Fatty Acids,J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 36:143–145 (1959).
Hong, W.M., Quality of By-Products from Chemical and Physical Refining of Palm and Other Oils,60:268A-273A (1983).
Winters, R.L., Deodorizer Distillate, inProceedings of the World Conference on Edible Fats and Oils Processing: Basic Principles and Modern Practices, edited by D.R. Erickson, American Oil Chemists' Society, Champaign, 1990, pp. 402–405.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
About this article
Cite this article
Ruiz-Méndez, M.V., Márquez-Ruiz, G. & Dobarganes, M.C. Comparative performance of steam and nitrogen as stripping gas in physical refining of edible oils. J Am Oil Chem Soc 73, 1641–1645 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02517965
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02517965