Abstract
Tetrastichus howardi (Olliff) preferred the lepidopteran hosts,Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Pyralidae) andHelicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Noctuidae) to their parasitoids,Xanthopimpla stemmator (Thunberg) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) andPalexorista laxa (Curran) (Diptera: Tachinidae). IfT. howardi had previously experienced parasitising a certain host, its preference for that host increased, but not significantly. When reared on a certain host, the preference for that host increased.T. howardi showed no preference to any particular age of its hosts.T. howardi was able to discriminate between parasitised and unparasitised hosts, initially preferring parasitised hosts, but two days later preferring unparasitised hosts.
Résumé
Des expériences en laboratoire ont montré queTetrastichus howardi (Olliff) préfère, comme hôtes, les lépidoptères,Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Pyralidae) etHelicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Noctuidae) à leurs parasitoïdes respectifs,Xanthopimpla stemmator (Thunberg) (Hym.: Ichneumonidae) etPalexorista laxa (Curran) (Dipt.: Tachinidae). SiT. howardi a déjà parasité auparavant un certain hôte, sa préférence pour cet hôte s'accroît mais pas significativement. Par ailleurs, quand il est élevé sur un hôte donné, sa préférence pour cet hôte augmente.T. howardi ne' montre par contre aucune préférence pour un stade particulier de son hôte. Il est capable de distinguer un hôte parasité d'un hôte non parasité et s'il préfère au début les hôtes parasités, il montre, au bout de deux jours, une préférence pour ceux qui ne le sont pas.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Bennett, F. D. — 1965. Tests with parasites of Asian graminaceous moth-borers onDiatraea and allied genera in Trinidad. —Tech. Bull. Commonw. Inst. Biol. Control, 5, 101–116.
Boucek, Z. — 1988.Australian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). A biosystematic revision of genera of 14 families, with a reclassification of species. CAB International, U. K., 832 pp.
Cherian, M. C. &Subramaniam, C. K. — 1940.Tetrastichus ayyari Rohw. — a pupal parasite of some moth-borers in South India. —Indian J. Entomol., 2, 75–77.
Dobson, A. J. — 1983. —An Introduction to Statistical Modelling. — Chapman & Hall, London.
Doutt, R. L. — 1959. The biology of parasitic Hymenoptera. —Annu. Rev. Entomol., 4: 161–182.
Drost, Y. C., Lewis, W. J. &Tumlinson, J. H. — 1988. Beneficial arthropod behavior mediated by airborne semiochemicals. V. Influence of rearing method, host plant and adult experience on host-searching behavior ofMicroplitis croceipes (Cresson), a larval parasitoid ofHeliothis. —J. Chem. Ecol., 14, 1607–1616.
Eisjackers, H. J. P. &Van Lenteren, J. C. — 1970. Host choice and host discrimination inPseudocoila bochei. —Neth. J. Zool., 20, 414.
Elliott, J. M. — 1983.Some Methods for the Statistical Analysis of Samples of Benthic Invertebrates, 2nd ed.Titus Wilson & Son Ltd., Kendal, 159 pp.
Flanders, S. E. — 1951. Mass culture of California red scale and its golden chalcid parasites. —Hilgardia, 21, 1–42.
Jackson, D. J. — 1937. Host selection inPimpla examinator F. —Proc. Royal Entomol. Soc. London, Ser. A, 12, 81–91.
Kfir, R., Gouws, J. &Moore, S. D. — 1993. Biology ofTetrastichus howardi (Olliff) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae): A facultative hyperparasitoid of stem borers. —Biocontrol Sci. Technol., 3, 149–159.
Mandeville, J. D. &Mullens, B. A. — 1990. Host preference and learning inMuscidifurax zaraptor (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). —Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer., 83, 1203–1209.
Moore, S. D. & Kfir, R. — 1995. Aspect of the biology of the parasitoid,Tetrastichus howardi (Olliff) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). —J. Afric. Zool., 109, (in press).
Ohgushi, R. I. — 1960. Studies on the host selection byNasonia vitripennis parasitic on house fly pupae. —Physiol. Ecol. 9, 11–31.
Rudriah, M. P. &Sastry, K. S. S. — 1959. Studies on the biology ofTetrastichus ayyari Rohwer, with attempts to utilise it in the control of sugar cane borers. —Indian J. Entomol., 20, 189–198.
Sandlan, K. — 1980. Host location byCoccygominus turionellae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). —Entomol. Exp. Appl., 27, 233–245.
Skoroszewski, R. W. &Van Hamburg, H. — 1987. The release ofApanteles flavipes (Cameron) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) againts stalk-borers of maize and grain-sorghum in South Africa. —J. Entomol. Soc. sth. Afr., 50, 249–255.
Van Lenteren, J. C. — 1976. The development of host discrimination and the prevention of superparasitism in the parasitePseudocoila bochei Weld (Hym.: Cynipidae). —Neth. J. Zool., 26, 1–83.
Vet, L. E. M. — 1983. Host-habitat location through olfactory cues byLeptopilina clavipes (Hartig) (Hym.: Eucoilidae), a parasitoid of fungivorousDrosophila: The influence of conditioning. —Neth. J. Zool., 33, 225–248.
Vet, L. E. M. &Groenewold, A. W. — 1990. Semiochemicals and learning in parasitoids. —J. Chem. Ecol., 16, 3119–3135.
Vinson, S. B. — 1976. Host selection by insect parasitoids. —Ann. Rev. Entomol., 21, 109–133.
Vinson, S. B., Bradfield, C. S. &Henson, R. D. — 1977. Oviposition behavior ofBracon mellitor a parasitoid of the boll weevill (Anthonomus grandis). II. Associative learning. —Physiol. Entomol. 2, 157–164.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Moore, S.D., Kfir, R. Host preference of the facultative hyperparasitoidTetrastichus howardi (Hym.: Eulophidae) . Entomophaga 40, 69–76 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02372682
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02372682