Abstract
Experiment where variable densities (1, 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 150) of the parasitoid (5–7 d postparasitised aphids (Aphis craccivora Koch). — parasitised by aphidiid parasitoidTrioxys indicus Subba Rao & Sharma) were exposed to individual hyperparasitoidAlloxysta pleuralis (Cameron) indicated following: (1) with increase of initial host (primary parasitoid) densities the number of hosts hyperparasitised increases sigmoidally reaching to a plateau at 50 host similar to thetype 3 functional response of Holling; the curve was described by a logistic eqution [Nhyp=44.0/(1+exp (4.0–0.16 Np))], (2) greater host mortality was recorded at lower initial host densityes (≤50); (3) the area of discovery of the hyperparasitoid is inversely density-dependent at higher host densities (≥25); and (4) the variation in host number has no significant influence on the sex ratio of F1 offspring of the hyperparasitoid which ranges between 0.56–0.67. The implications of these responses of the hyperparasitoidA. pleuralis are discussed.
Résumé
L'expérience où des densités variables (1, 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 et 150) du parasitoïde (desAphis craccivora KOCH parasités depuis 5 à 7 jours parTrioxys indicus SUBBA RAO & SHARMA) furent exposées à l'hyperparasitoïdeAlloxysta pleuralis (CAMERON) donnait les résultats suivants (1) avec un accroissement des densités de l'hôte initial (parasitoïde primaire) le nombre d'hôtes hyperparasités augmente selon une sigmoïde atteignant son plafond pour une densité de 50 hôtes, ce qui correspond à la réponse fonctionnelle du type 3 de HOLLING; la courbe avait pour expression l'équation Nhyp=44,0/[1+e(4,0–0,16 Np)]; (2) une mortalité hôte plus forte était enregistrée aux densités de l'hôte initial plus faibles (≤50); (3) l'aire de découverte de l'hyperparasitoïde est inversément dépendant de la densité aux densités hôte plus fortes (≥25); et (4) la variation dans le nombre d'hôtes n'a pas d'influence significantive sur le sex-ratio de la descendance F1 de l'hyperparasitoïde qui s'établit entre 0,56–0,67. Les implications de ces réponses sur l'hyperparasitoïdeA. pleuralis sont discutées.
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Singh, R., Srivastava, P.N. Effect of parasitoid density on the functional response and sex ratio of a cynipoid hyperparasitoidAlloxysta pleuralis [Hym.: Alloxystidae] . Entomophaga 34, 11–18 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02372582
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02372582