Abstract
The antifeedant and insect growth-regulating activities of salannin, nimbin, and 6-deacetylnimbin, in comparison with azadirachtin-A, have been studied againstSpodoptera litura, Pericallia ricini, andOxya fuscovittata. Salannin deterred feeding, delayed molt by increasing larval duration, caused larval and pupal mortalities, and decreased pupal weights in the two lepidopterans. Salannin also caused molt delays and nymphal mortalities inOxya fuscovittata. The role of salannin and other compounds in conferring bioactivity, along with azadirachtin-A, to neem oil/neem seed extracts is emphasized.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Butterworth, J. H., andMorgan, E. D. 1968. Isolation of a substance that suppresses feeding in locusts.J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1968:23–24.
Champagne, D. E., Koul, O., Isman, M. B., Scudder, G. G. E., andTowers, G. H. N. 1992. Biological activity of limonoids from the Rutales.Phytochemistry 31:377–394.
Devkumar, C., andSukh Dev. 1993. Chemistry, pp. 63–96.In N. S. Randhawa, and B. S. Parmar (eds.). Neem Research and Development. Society of Pesticide Science, India.
Ermel, K., Pahlich, E., andSchmutterer, H. 1984. Comparison of the azadirachtin content of neem seeds for ecotypes of Asian and African origin, pp. 91–93,in H. Schmutterer, and K. R. S. Ascher (eds.). Natural Pesticides from the Neem Tree and Other Tropical Plants. GTZ, Eschborn.
Ermel, K., Pahlich, E., andSchmutterer, H. 1987. Azadirachtin content of neem kernels from different geographical locations, and its dependence on temperature, relative humidity and light, pp. 171–184,in H. Schmutterer, and K. R. S. Ascher (eds.). Natural Pesticides from the Neem Tree and Other Tropical Plants. GTZ, Eschborn.
Govindachari, T. R. 1992. Chemical and biological investigations onAzadirachta indica (neem tree).Curr. Sci. 117–122.
Govindachari, T. R., Suresh, G., andGaneshwar Prasad, K. 1994. Structure related antifeedant activity of azadirachtins against the tobacco cutwormSpodoptera litura F.Pestic. Res. J. 6:20–25.
Govindachari, T. R., Suresh, G., andGopalakrishnan, G. 1995a. A direct preparative high performance liquid chromatography procedure for the isolation of major triterpenoids and their quantitative determination in neem oil.J. Liquid Chromatogr. 18:3465–3472.
Govindachari, T. R., Narasimhan, N. S., Suresh, G., Partho, P. D., Gopalakrishnan, G., andKrishna Kumari, G. N. 1995b. Structure-related insect antifeedant and growth regulating activities of some limonoids.J. Chem. Ecol. 21:1585–1600.
Hansen, D. J., Cuomo, J., Khan, M., Gallagher, R. T., andEllenberger, W. P. 1994. Advances in neem and azadirachtin chemistry and bioactivity, pp. 103–129,in P. A. Hedin, J. J. Menn, and R. M. Hollingworth (eds.). Natural and Engineered Pest Management Agents. ACS Symposium Series 551. American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C.
Isman, M. B., Koul, O., Lucqynski, A., andKaminski, J. 1990. Insecticidal and antifeedant bioactivities of neem oil and their relationships to azadirachtin content.J. Agric. Food Chem. 38:1406–1411.
Klocke, J. A. 1987. Natural plant compounds useful in insect control, pp. 396–415,in G. R. Waller (ed.). Allelochemicals: Role in Agriculture and Forestry. ACS Symposium Series 330. American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C.
Kraus, W. 1995. Azadirachtin and other terpenoids, pp. 35–74,in H. Schmutterer (ed.). The Neem Tree. VCH, Weinheim.
Kraus, W., Baumann, S., Bokel, M., Keller, U., Klenk, A., Klingele, M., Pohnl, H., andSchwinger, M. 1987. Control of insect feeding and development by constituents ofMelia azedarach andAzadirachta indica, pp. 111–125,in H. Schmutterer, and K. R. S. Ascher (eds.). Natural Pesticides from the Neem Tree and Other Tropical Plants. GTZ, Eschborn.
Luco, J. M., Sosa, M. C., Cesco, J. C., Ton, C. E., andGiordano, O. S. 1994. Molecular connectivity and hydrophobicity in the study of antifeedant activity of clerodane diterpenoids.Pestici. Sci. 41:1–6.
Luo Lin-er, Van Loon, J. J. A., andSchoonhoven, L. M. 1995. Behavioural and sensory responses to some neem compounds byPieris brassicae larvae.Physiol. Entomol. 20:134–140.
Rembold, H. 1989. Isomeric azadirachtins and their mode of action, pp. 47–67,in M. Jacobson (ed.). Focus on Phytochemical Pesticides, Vol. 1. The Neem Tree. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
Schmutterer, H. 1995.The Neem Tree. VCH, Weinheim, 696 pp.
Schwinger, M., Ehhammer, B., andKraus, W. 1984. Methodology of theEpilachna varivestis bioassay of antifeedants demonstrated with some compounds fromAzadirachta indica andMelia azedarach, pp. 181–198,in H. Schmutterer and K. R. S. Ascher (eds.). Natural Pesticides from the Neem Tree and Other Tropical Plants. GTZ, Eschborn.
Siddiqui, S., Siddiqui, B. S., Mahmood, T., andFaizi, S. 1989. Tetranortriterpenoids fromAzadirachta indica A. Juss (Meliaceae).Heterocycles 29:87–96.
Simmonds, M. S. J., Blaney, W. M., Ley, S. V., Anderson, J. C., andToogood, P. L. 1990. Azadirachtin: Structural requirements for reducing growth and increasing mortality in lepidopterous larvae.Entomol. Exp. Appl. 55:169–181.
Warthen, J. D. 1989. Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss): Organisms affected and reference list update.Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 91:367–388.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Govindachari, T.R., Narasimhan, N.S., Suresh, G. et al. Insect antifeedant and growth-regulating activities of Salannin and other c-seco limonoids from neem oil in relation to Azadirachtin. J Chem Ecol 22, 1453–1461 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02027724
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02027724