Summary
In rhesus monkeys and cats cerebral intracranial pressure was increased by intracranial fluid injection. Increased liquor pressure was transferred to the superficial cerebral veins, which caused a reduction of cerebral perfusion pressure. An arterial pressure response occurred as soon as the perfusion pressure was less than 100 mm Hg. The pressure increase was dependent on the percent rate of perfusion pressure decrease in relation to the systemic arterial pressure. Carotid flow measured in monkeys showed a slight reduction as long as the perfusion pressure was higher than 50 mm Hg but was marked when it fell below that value. The systemic arterial pressure had a significant influence on cerebral vessel resistance independent from the perfusion pressure. During increased intracranial pressure the cerebral blood volume seemed to be moderately decreased.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Cushing, H., Some experimental and clinical observations concerning states of increased intracranial tension. Amer. J. med. Sci.124 (1902), 375–400.
Finke, J., Therapeutische Erfahrungen mit Rheomakrodex in Neurologie und Psychiatrie. Zbl. Neurol. Psych.183 (1965), 232.
Freeman, J., Hypotension and cerebral ischemia. Int. Anesthesiol. Clin.7 (1969), 841–859.
Gottstein, U., and K. Held, Effekt der Hämodilution nach intravenöser Infusion von niedermolekularen Dextranen auf die Hirnzirkulation des Menschen. Dtsch. med. Wschr.94 (1969), 522–526.
Greenfield, J. C., and G. T. Tindall, Effect of acute increase in intracranial pressure on blood flow in the internal carotid artery of man. J. clin. Inv.44 (1965), 1343–1351.
Häggendal, E., Blood flow autoregulation of the cerebral grey matter, with comments on its mechanism. Acta neurol. Scand. suppl.14 (1965), 104–110.
—, L. Löfgren, N. J. Nilsson, and N. Zwetnow, Die Gehirndurchblutung bei experimentellen Liquordruckänderungen. Acta neurochir.16 (1967), 163.
Harper, A. M., The inter-relationship between aPCO2 and blood pressure in the regulation of blood flow through the cerebral cortex. Acta neurol. Scand. suppl.14 (1965), 94–103.
—, V. D. Deshumkh, J. O. Rowan, and W. B. Jennett, Studies on possible neurogenic influences on the cerebral circulation. In: Brain and blood flow, pp. 182–186. Ed. R. W. Ross Russell. London: Pitman. 1971.
Hekmatpanah, J., Cerebral circulation and perfusion in experimental increased intracranial pressure. J. Neurosurg.32 (1970), 21–29.
Hedges, T. R., J. D. Weinstein, N. Kassell, and S. Stein, Cerebrovascular responses to increased intracranial pressure. J. Neurosurg.21 (1964), 292–297.
Hoff, J., and D. J. Reis, The Cushing reflex: Localization of pressure sensitive areas in brain stem and spinal cord of the cat. Neurologie19 (1969), 308.
Jennett, W. B., J. O. Rowan, A. M. Harper, J. H. Johnston, I. H. Miller, and V. D. Deshmukh, Perfusion pressure and cerebral blood flow. In: Brain and blood flow, pp. 298–300. Ed. R. W. Ross Russell. London: Pitman. 1971.
Kanzow, E., and D. Dieckhoff, On the location of the vascular resistance in the cerebral circulation. In: Cerebral blood flow, pp. 96–97. Ed. M. Brock, C. Fieschi, D. H. Ingvar, N. A. Lassen, K. Schürmann. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer. 1969.
— —, and H. Holzgraefe, Pressure drop in cerebral arteries at changes of the cerebrovascular resistance. In: Brain and blood flow, pp. 309–312. Ed. R. W. Ross Russell. London: Pitman. 1971.
Kjällquist, Å., N. Lundberg, and V. Ponten, Respiratory and cardiovascular changes during rapid spontaneous variations of ventricular fluid pressure in patients with intracranial hypertension. Acta neurol. Scand.40 (1964), 291–317.
Klatzo, J., Neuropathological aspects of brain edema. J. Neuropath. exp. Neurol.26 (1967), 1–14.
Kramer, W., and J. A. Tuynman, Acute intracranial hypertension—an experimental investigation. Brain Res.6 (1967), 686–705.
Langfitt, T. W., J. D. Weinstein, N. F. Kassell, and F. A. Simeone, Transmission of increased intracranial pressure. I. Within the craniospinal axis. J. Neurosurg.21 (1964), 989–997.
— — —, and L. J. Gagliardi, Transmission of increased intracranial pressure. II. Within the supratentorial space. J. Neurosurg.21 (1964), 998–1005.
— — —, Cerebral blood flow with intracranial hypertension. Neurology (Minneap.)15 (1965), 761–773.
— — —, L. J. Gagliardi, and H. M. Shapiro, Compression of cerebral vessels by intracranial hypertension. I. Dural sinus pressure. Acta neurochir.15 (1966), 213–222.
Lassen, N. A., Cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption in man. Physiol. Rev.39 (1959), 183–238.
Mead, C. O., R. A. Moody, S. Ruamsuke, and S. Mullan, Effect of isovolemic hemodilution on cerebral blood flow following experimental head injury. J. Neurosurg.32 (1970), 40–50.
Noell, W., und M. Schneider, Zur Hämodynamik der Gehirndurchblutung bei Liquordrucksteigerung. Arch. Psych. Z. Neur.180 (1948), 713–730.
Petersen, J., and N. Zwetnow, Effects of experimental intracranial hypertension on cerebral blood flow, EEG and blood brain barrier. Electroenceph. clin. Neurophysiol.24 (1968), 88–89.
Potchen, E. J., B. L. Holman, R. G. Evens, H. Agress, and R. Hill, Some factors which limit the precision in the inert gas washout measurement of regional cerebral blood flow—the “shunt” spike and its significance. In: Brain and blood flow, pp. 94–97. Ed. R. W. Ross Russell. London: Pitman. 1971.
Risberg, J., N. Lundberg, and D. H. Ingvar, Regional cerebral blood volume during acute transient rises of the intracranial pressure (plateau waves). J. Neurosurg.31 (1969), 303–310.
Rosenblum, W. J., Effects of blood pressure and blood viscosity on fluorescein transit time in the cerebral microcirculation in the mouse. Circ. Res.27 (1970), 825–833.
Ross Russell, R. W., A micro-angiographic study of experimental cerebral ischaemia and of the effects of blood pressure changes. In: Brain and blood flow, pp. 215–217. Ed. R. W. Ross Russell. London: Pitman. 1971.
Sagawa, K., J. M. Ross, and A. C. Guyton, Quantitation of cerebral ischemic pressor response in dogs. Amer. J. Physiol.200 (1961), 1164–1168.
Sahar, A., G. M. Hochwald, and J. Ransohoff, Cerebrospinal fluid and cranial sinus pressure. Relationship in normal and hydrocephalic cats. Arch. Neurol.23 (1970), 413–418.
Schmidt, K., Das Verhalten des Liquordrucks bei der Barbiturat-Lachgas-Inkubationsnarkose und seine Bedeutung für die Narkoseführung bei Hirndruck und Hirnoedem. Der Anaesthesist12 (1963), 76–81.
Shapiro, H. M., T. W. Langfitt, and J. D. Weinstein, Compression of cerebral vessels by intracranial hypertension. II. Morphological evidence for collapse of vessels. Acta neurochir.15 (1966), 223–233.
Symon, L., Regional cerebrovascular responses to acute ischaemia in normocapnia and hypercapnia. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat.33 (1970), 756–762.
Zwetnow, N., Å. Kjällquist, and B. K. Siesjö, Cerebral blood flow during intracranial hypertension related to tissue hypoxia and to acidosis in cerebral extracellular fluids. Progr. Brain Res.30 (1968), 87–92.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Matakas, F., Leipert, M. & Franke, J. Cerebral blood flow during increased subarachnoid pressure. Acta neurochir 25, 19–36 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01808860
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01808860