Summary
The kinetics of appearance of antibodies directed to the major structural proteins N, M and E of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) was followed in pigs naturally- and experimentally-exposed to the virus. Specific IgM antibody titers were first detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) at the end of the first week of PRRSV infection, peaked by day 14 to 21 post-inoculation (p.i.), then rapidly decreased to undetectable levels by day 35 to 42 p.i. On the other hand, specific IgG antibody titers peaked by day 21 to 28 p.i. and remained unchanged to the end of the 6- or 9-week observation period; in addition, a persistent viremia was observed. Virus neutralizing (VN) antibody titers >8 were not detected until 3 to 4 weeks p.i. Taken together, the results obtained by Western blotting analyses using purified virus andE. coli-expressed ORFs 5 to 7 gene products, suggested that antibodies directed against the envelope E protein appear by day 7 p.i., whereas antibodies directed against the nucleocapsid N and membrane M proteins can only be detected by the end of the second week p.i. No correlation could be demonstrated between VN and IIF antibody titers, viremia, and viral protein specificities of circulating antibodies at various times p.i.
Article PDF
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Bautista EM, Goyal SM, Yoon IJ, Joo HS, Collins JE (1993) Comparison of porcine alveolar macrophages and CL 2621 for the detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus and anti-PRRS antibody. J Vet Diagn Invest 5: 163–165
Benfield DA, Nelson E, Collins JE, Harris L, Goyal SM, Robinson D, Christianson WT, Morrison RB, Gorcyca D, Chladek D (1992) Characterization of swine infertility and respiratory syndrome (SIRS) virus (isolate ATCC VR-2332). J Vet Diagn Invest 4: 127–133
Bilodeau R, Archambault D, Vézina SA, Sauvageau R, Fournier M, Dea S (1994) Persistence of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection in a swine operation. Can J Vet Res 58: 291–298
Choi C, Christianson W, Collins JE, Joo HS, Molitor T (1992) Antibody-dependent enhancement of SIRS virus replication. AASP News 4: 30
Chomczynsky P, Sacchi N (1987) Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Anal Biochem 162: 156–159
Conzelmann KK, Visser N, Van Woensel P, Thiel HJ (1993) Molecular characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, a member of the arterivirus group. Virology 193: 329–339
De Vries AAF, Chirnside ED, Horzinek MC, Rottier PJM (1992) Structural proteins of equine arteritis virus. J Virol 66: 6294–6303
Goyal SM (1993) Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome. J Vet Diagn Invest 5: 656–664
Kim HS, Kwang J, Yoon IJ, Joo HS, Frey ML (1993) Enhanced replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus in a homogeneous subpopulation of MA-104 cell line. Arch Virol 133: 477–483
Magar R, Larochelle R, Dea S, Gagnon CA, Nelson E, Christopher-Hennings J, Benfield DA (1995) Antigenic comparison of Canadian and U.S. isolates of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus using monoclonal antibodies to the nucleocapsid protein. Can J Vet Res 59: 232–234
Mardassi H, Athanassious R, Mounir S, Dea S (1994) Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: morphological, biochemical and serological characteristics of Quebec isolates associated to acute and chronic outbreaks of PRRS. Can J Vet Res 58: 55–64
Mardassi H, Wilson L, Mounir S, Dea S (1994) Detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and efficient differentiation between Canadian and European strains by reverse transcription and PCR amplification. J Clin Microbiol 32: 2197–2203
Mardassi H, Mounir S, Dea S (1995) Molecular analysis of the ORFs 3 to 7 genes of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, Quebec strain IAF-exp91. Arch Virol 140: 1405–1418
Mengeling WL, Lager KM, Vorwald AC (1995) Diagnosis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome. J Vet Diagn Invest 7: 3–16
Meulenberg JJM, Hulst MM, De Meijer EJ, Moonen PLJM, Den Besten A, De Kluyer EP, Wenswoort G, Moormann RJM (1993) Lelystad virus, the causative agent of porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome (PEARS), is related to LDV and EAV. Virology 192: 62–72
Meulenberg JJM, Den Besten AP, De Kluyer EP, Moormann RJM, Schaaper VMM, Wensvoort G (1995) Characterization of proteins encoded by ORFs 2 to 7 of Lelystad virus. Virology 206: 155–163
Nelson EA, Hennings JC, Drew T, Wensvoort G, Collins JE, Benfield DA (1993) Differentiation of US and European isolates of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by monoclonal antibodies. J Clin Microbiol 31: 3184–3189
Nelson EA, Hennings JC, Benfield DA (1993) Serum immune responses to the proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus. J Vet Diagn Invest 6: 410–415
Vezina A, Dea S, Loemba HD, Fournier M, Archambault D (1996) Antibody production and blastogenic response in pigs experimentally infected with PRRS virus. Can J Vet Res 60 (in press)
Wensvoort G, Terpstra C, Pol JMA, Ter Laak EA, Bloemraad M, De Kluyver EP, Kragten C, Van Buiten L, Den Besten A, Wagenaar F, Broekhuijsen JM, Moonen PLJM, Zetstra T, Deboer EA, Tibben HJ, De Jong MF, Van't Veld P, Groenland GLR, Van Gennep JA, Voets MT, Verheijden JHM, Braamskamp J (1991) Mystery swine disease in The Netherlands: the isolation of Lelystad virus. Vet Q 13: 121–130
Yoon IJ, Christianson WT, Kim HS, Collins JE, Morrison RB (1992) An indirect fluorescent antibody test for the detection of antibody to swine infertility and respiratory syndrome virus in swine sera. J Vet Diagn Invest 4: 144–147
Yoon IJ, Sagar HS, Goyal M, Molitor TW (1994) A modified serum neutralization test for the detection of antibody to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in swine sera. J Vet Diagn Invest 6: 289–292
Yoon IJ, Joo HS, Christianson WT, Morrison RB, Dial GD (1993) Persistent and contact infection in nursery pigs experimentally infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Swine Health Prod 1: 6–9
Yoon KJ, Zimmerman JJ, Swenson SL, McGinley MJ, Eernisse KA, Brevik A, Rhinehart LL, Frey ML, Hill HT, Platt KB (1995) Characterization of the humoral immune response to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus infection. J Vet Diagn Invest 7: 305–312
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Loemba, H.D., Mounir, S., Mardassi, H. et al. Kinetics of humoral immune response to the major structural proteins of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Archives of Virology 141, 751–761 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01718333
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01718333