Summary
The distribution of tyrosinated and detyrosinated tubulin in microtubule arrays of pine and onion cells was investigated by immunofluorescence techniques. Staining of isolated cells and methacrylate sections ofPinus radiata andAllium cepa root tips indicated that all microtubule structures contained tyrosinated tubulin but not the posttranslationally modified detyrosinated tubulin. The detyrosinated tubulin epitope was, however, created in vitro by treating both sections and fixed whole cells with carboxypeptidase A.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Åström H (1992) Acetylated α-tubulin in the pollen tube microtubules. Cell Biol Int Rep 16: 871–881
Baas PW, Black MM (1990) Individual microtubules in the axon consist of domains that differ in both composition and stability. J Cell Biol 111: 495–510
Baskin TI, Busby CH, Fowke LC, Sammut M, Gubler F (1992) Improvements in immunostaining samples embedded in methacrylate: localization of microtubules and other antigens throughout developing organs in plants of diverse taxa. Planta 187: 405–413
Bulinski JC, Gundersen GG (1991) Stabilization and post-translational modification of microtubules during cellular morphogenesis. Bioessays 13: 285–293
Burns RG (1991) α-Tubulin, β-tubulin, γ-tubulins: sequence comparisons and structural constraints. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 20: 181–189
Del Casino C, Li YQ, Moscatelli A, Scali M, Tiezzi A, Cresti M (1993) Distribution of microtubules during the growth of tobacco pollen tubes. Biol Cell 79: 125–132
Duckett CM, Lloyd CW (1994) Gibberellic acid-induced microtubule reorientation in dwarf peas is accompanied by rapid modification of an α-tubulin isotype. Plant J 5: 363–372
Gilmer S, Clay P, MacRae TH, Fowke LC (1999) Acetylated tubulin is found in all microtubule arrays of two species of pine. Protoplasma 207: 174–185
Gurland G, Gundersen GG (1995) Stable, detyrosinated microtubules function to localize vimentin intermediate filaments in fibroblasts. J Cell Biol 131: 1275–1290
Hepler PK, Hush JM (1996) Behavior of microtubules in living plant cells. Plant Physiol 112: 455–461
Hoffman JC, Vaughn KC (1995a) Post-translational tubulin modifications in spermatogenous cells of the pteridophyteCeratopteris richardii. Protoplasma 186: 169–182
— — (1995b) Using the developing spermatogenous cells ofCeratopteris to unlock the mysteries of the plant cytoskeleton. Int J Plant Sci 156: 346–358
Idriss H, Stammers DK, Ross CK, Burns RG (1991) The dynamic instability of microtubules is not modulated by α-tubulin tyrosinylation. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 20: 30–37
Kopczak SD, Haas NA, Hussey PJ, Silflow CD, Snustad DP (1992) The small genome ofArabidopsis contains at least six expressed α-tubulin genes. Plant Cell 4: 539–547
Kronenberger J, Desprez T, Höfte H, Caboche M, Traas J (1993) A methacrylate embedding procedure developed for immunolocalization on plant tissues is also compatible with in situ hybridization. Cell Biol Int 17: 1013–1021
Kumar N, Flavin M (1982) Modulation of some parameters of assembly of microtubules in vitro by tyrosinolation of tubulin. Eur J Biochem 128: 215–222
Laferrière NB, MacRae TH, Brown DL (1997) Tubulin synthesis and assembly in differentiating neurons. Biochem Cell Biol 75: 103–117
Little M, Seehaus T (1988) Comparative analysis of tubulin sequences. Comp Biochem Physiol 90B: 655–670
Machell NH, Fritz L, MacRae TH (1995) Interphase cells of the centric diatom,Thalassiosira fluviatilis, lack detyrosinated, nontyrosinatable and acetylated tubulin. Eur J Cell Biol 67: 50–56
MacRae TH (1997) Tubulin post-translational modifications: enzymes and their mechanisms of action. Eur J Biochem 244: 265–278
Raybin D, Flavin M (1977) Modification of tubulin by tyrosylation in cells and extracts and its effect on assembly in vitro. J Cell Biol 73: 492–504
Skoufias DA, Burgess TL, Wilson L (1990) Spatial and temporal colocalization of the Golgi apparatus and microtubules rich in detyrosinated tubulin. J Cell Biol 111: 1929–1938
Smertenko A, Blume Y, Viklicky V, Opatrny Z, Draber P (1997) Post-translational modifications and multiple tubulin isoforms inNicotiana tabacum L. Cells. Planta 201: 349–358
Sullivan KF (1988) Structure and utilization of tubulin isotypes. Annu Rev Cell Biol 4: 687–716
Thyberg J, Moskalewski S (1993) Relationship between the Golgi complex and microtubules enriched in detyrosinated or acetylated α-tubulin: studies on cells recovering from nocodazole and cells in the terminal phase of cytokinesis. Cell Tissue Res 273: 457–466
Wick SM (1993) Immunolabeling of antigens in plant cells. Methods Cell Biol 17: 171–200
Xiang H, MacRae TH (1995) Production and utilization of detyrosinated tubulin in developingArtemia larvae: evidence for a tubulin-reactive carboxypeptidase. Biochem Cell Biol 73: 673–685
Yuan M, Shaw PJ, Warn RM, Lloyd CW (1994) Dynamic reorientation of cortical microtubules, from transverse to longitudinal, in living plant cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91: 6050–6053
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gilmer, S., Clay, P., MacRae, T.H. et al. Tyrosinated, but not detyrosinated, α-tubulin is present in root tip cells. Protoplasma 210, 92–98 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01314959
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01314959