Summary
Stable neutralization and protection escape variants of a virulent strain (Trinidad Donkey) of the VEE virus were selected by monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). Determination of nucleotide sequences of nine variants revealed a clustering of single mutations in four regions of the E1 and E2 glycoproteins. Involvement of amino acid residues 206 (site E1-1), 57 and 59 (site E2-2), 180, 182, 213, 214 and 216 (site E2-6) and 232 (site E2-3) in protective epitopes was demonstrated.
Article PDF
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Agapov EV, Lebedeva SD, Razumov IA, Frolov IV, Kolykhalov AA, Loktev VB, Netesov SV, Sandakhchiev LS (1991) The variants of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus resistant to neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. Docl Akad Nauk SSSR 320: 1485–1488 [in Russian]
Chanas AC, Johnson BK, Simpson DIH (1976) Antigenic relationships of alphaviruses by a simple microculture cross-neutralization method. J Gen Virol 32: 295–300
Clark DH, Casals J (1958) Techniques for hemagglutination and hemagglutination-inhibition with arthropod-borne viruses. Amer J Trop Med Hyg 7: 561–573
Enzmann PPJ, Welland D (1979) Studies on the morphology of alphaviruses. Virology 95: 501–510
Frolov IV, Kolykhalov AA, Volckov VE, Netesov SV, Sandakhchiev LS (1991) The comparison of nucleotide and deduced structural proteins sequence virulent and attenuated Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis viruses. Docl Akad Nauk SSSR 318: 1488–1491 [in Russian]
Fuller SD (1987) The t=4 envelope of Sindbis virus is organized by interactions with a complementary t=3 capsid. Cell 48: 923–934
Garoff H (1982) Structure and assembly of alphaviruses. Curr Topics Microbiol Immunol 99: 1–50
Hunt AR, Roehrig JT (1985) Biomedical and biological characteristics of epitopes on the E1 glycoprotein of Western equine encephalitis. Virology 142: 334–346
Hunt AR, Johnson AJ, Roehrig JT (1990) Synthetic peptides of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus E2 glycoprotein. I. Immunogenic analysis and identification of a protective peptide. Virology 179: 701–711
Hunt AR, Short WA, Johnson AJ, Bolin RA, Roehrig JT (1991) Synthetic peptides of the E2 glycoprotein of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus. II. Antibody to the amino terminus protect animals by limiting viral replication. Virology 185: 281–290
Johnson BJB, Brubaker JR, Roehrig JT, Trent DW (1990) Variants of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus that resist neutralization define a domain of the E2 glycoprotein. Virology 177: 676–683
Johnson BJ, Brubaker JR, Roehrig JT, Trent DW (1991) Synthetic peptides of a Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus E2 glycoprotein. III. Identification of a protective peptide derived from the carboxy-terminal extramembranal one-third of the protein. Virology 185: 840–842
Kinney RM, Esposito JJ, Johnson BJB, Roehrig JT, Mathews JH, Barrett ADT, Trent DW (1988) Recombinant vaccinia Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus expresses VEE structural protein. J Gen Virol 69: 3005–3013
Maxam AM, Gilbert W (1980) Sequencing end-labeled DNA with base specific chemical cleavages. Methods Enzymol 65: 499–560
Razumov IA, Agapov EV, Pereboev AV, Protopopova EV, Lebedeva SD, Loktev VB (1991) Study of the antigenic structure of glycoprotein E1 of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus with the use of monoclonal antibodies. Mol Gen Microbiol Virol 6: 21–24 [in Russian]
Razumov IA, Agapov EV, Pereboev AV, Protopopova EV, Lebedeva SD, Loktev VB (1991) Study of the antigenic structure of antigenic structure of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus glycoprotein E2 using rat monoclonal antibodies. Voprosy Virusologii 36: 34–37 [in Russian]
Razumov IA, Pereboev AV, Agapov EV, Protopopova EV, Khusainova AD, Lebedeva SD, Mel'nikova EE, Gaidamovich SYa, Loktev VB (1991) Investigation of receptor region of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus by means of monoclonal antibodies. Voprosy Virusologii 36: 489–492 [in Russian]
Razumov IA, Agapov EV, Pereboev AV, Protopopova EV, Lebedeva SD, Loktev VB (1992) Investigation of the antigenic structure of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus using monoclonal antibodies. I. Preparation of hybridomas and the antigenic structure of the glycoprotein E1. The Current Topics of Science and Technic, Series Virology 28: 66–72 [in Russian]
Razumov IA, Agapov EV, Pereboev AV, Protopopova EV, Lebedeva SD, Loktev VB (1992) Investigation of the antigenicstructure of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus using monoclonal antibodies. II. The antigenic structure of the glycoprotein E2 and protective activity of monoclonal antibodies. The Current Topics of Science and Technic, Series Virology 28: 73–80 [in Russian]
Roehrig JT, Corski D, Schlesinger MJ (1982) Properties of monoclonal antibodies directed against the glycoproteins of Sindbis virus. J Gen Virol 59: 421–425
Roehrig JT, Day IW, Kinney RM (1982) Antigenic analysis of the surface glycoproteins of a Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus (TC-83) using monoclonal antibodeis. Virology 118:269–278
Roehrig JT, Mathews JH (1985) The neutralizaion site on the E2 glycoprotein of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (TC-83) virus is composed of multiple conformationally stable epitopes. Virology 142: 347–356
Svyatchenko VA, Pereboev AV, Agapov EV, Razumov IA, Sabirov AN, Mizenko GA, Samukov VV, Loktev VB (1993) Mapping of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus glycoprotein E2 sites E2-2 and E2-6 using peptides. Voprosy Virusologii 38: 162–167 [in Russian]
Volchkov VE, Volchkova VA, Netesov SV (1991) The complete nucleotide sequence of the Eastern equine encephalitis virus genome. Molekuiarnaya Genetika, Microbiologiya i Virusologiya 5: 8–15 [in Russian]
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Agapov, E.V., Razumov, I.A., Frolov, I.V. et al. Localization of four antigenic sites involved in Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus protection. Archives of Virology 139, 173–181 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01309462
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01309462