Abstract
The influence of atrazine and paraquat on a mixed culture of nitrifying bacteria was studied in an aqueous system. At a concentration as low as 1 μg/mL paraquat exerted a complete inhibition of ammonium and nitrite oxidation for 40 days. Atrazine (1 μg/mL and 2 μg/mL), however, caused only an inhibition of ammonium oxidation for a short period. After 16–18 days of inhibition the ammonium oxidizing activity was resumed. In the presence of atrazine (1 μg/mL), however, the rate of nitrite oxidation was increased. Within a period of 28 days, in culture media a partial degradation of atrazine occurred.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Brockway DL, Smith PD, Stancil FE (1984) Fate and effects of atrazine in small aquatic microcosms. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 32:345–353
Dewey SL (1986) Effects of the herbicide atrazine on aquatic insect community structure and emergence. Ecology 67:148–162
Domsch KH, Paul W (1974) Simulation and experimental analysis of the influence of herbicides on soil nitrification. Arch Microbiol 97:283–301
Gadkari D (1984a) Influence of the herbicide Goltix on extracellular urease and phosphatase in suspended soil. Zbl Mikrobiol 139:415–424
— (1984b) Influence of the herbicides Goltix and Sencor on nitrification. Zbl Mikrobiol 139:623–631
Glotfelty DE, Taylor AW, Isensee AR, Jersey J, Glenn S (1984) Atrazine and Simazine movement to Wye river estuary. J Environ Qual 13:115–121
Hall GH, Jeffries C (1984) The contribution of nitrification in the water column and profundal sediments to the total oxygen deficit of the hypolimnion of a mesotrophic lake (Grasmere, English Lake district). Microb Ecol 10:37–46
Hassan HM, Fridovich I (1978) Superoxide radical and the oxygen enhancement of the toxicity of paraquat inEscherichia coli. J Biol Chem 253:8143–8148
Herman D, Kaushik NK, Solomon KR (1986) Impact of atrazine on periphyton in freshwater enclosures and some ecological consequences. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 43:1917–1925
Kosinski RS (1984) The effect of terrestrial herbicides on the community structure of stream periphyton. Environ Pollut Ser A 36:165–189
Lay JD, Müller A, Peichl L, Klein W, Forte F (1984) Long term effects of the herbicides atrazine and dichlobenil upon the phytoplankton density and physico-chemical conditions in compartments of a freshwater pond. Chemosphere 13:821–832
Mathur SP, Belanger A, Khan SU, Hamilton HA, Greenhalgh R, MacMillan KA (1976) Influence of field-applied linuron and paraquat on the microflora of an organic soil. Weed Res 16:183–189
Naqvi SM, Leung TS, Naqvi NZ (1981) Toxicities of paraquat and metribuzin (Sencor) herbicides to the freshwater copepods,Eucyclops agilis andDiaptomus mississippiensis. Environ Pollut Ser A 26:275–280
Walker N, Wickramasinghe KN (1979) Nitrification and autotrophic nitrifying bacteria in acid tea soils. Soil Biol Biochem 11:231–236
Weber A (1981) An uncomplicated screening test to evaluate toxicity of environmentally hazardous compounds in water. Environ Technol Lett 2:323–328
Yamanaka T (1983) Effect of paraquat on growth ofNitrosomonas europaea andNitrobacter agilis. Plant Cell Physiol 24:1349–1352
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gadkari, D. Effects of atrazine and paraquat on nitrifying bacteria. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 17, 443–447 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01055509
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01055509