Abstract
Developmental changes in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), enolase, hexokinase (HK), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activities were measured in cultures of pure neurons and glial cells prepared from brains of chick embryos (8 day-old for neurons, 14 day-old for glial cells) as a function of cellular development with time in culture. The modifications observed in culture were compared to those measured in brain extracts during the development of the nervous tissue in the chick embryo and during the post-hatching period. A significant increase of MDH, GDH, LDH, and enolase activities are observed in neurons between 3 and 6 days of culture, whereas simultaneously a decrease of HK values occurs. In the embryonic brain between 11 and 14 days of incubation, which would correspond for the neuronal cultures to day 3 through 6, modifications of MDH, GDH, HK, and enolase levels are similar to those observed in neurons in culture. Only the increase of LDH activity is less pronounced in vivo than in cultivated cells. The evolution of the tested enzymatic activities in the brain of the chick during the period between 7 days before and 10 days after hatching is quite similar to that observed in cultivated glial cells (prepared from 14 day-old embryos) between 6 and 18 days of culture. All tested activities increased in comparable proportions. The modifications of the enzymatic profile indicate that some maturation phenomena affecting energy metabolism of neuronal and glial elements in culture, are quite similar to those occuring in the total nervous tissue. A relationship between the development of the energy metabolism of the brain and differentiation processes affecting neuroblasts and the glial-forming cells is discussed.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Balazs, R. 1970. Carbohydrate metabolism. Pages 1–29,in A. Lajtha (ed.), Handbook of Neurochemistry, Plenum Press, New York.
Bergmeyer, H. V., andBernt, E. 1974. Lactat dehydrogenase—U.V. Test mit pyruvat und NADH, Pages 607–612,in Bergmeyer, H. V. (ed.), Methoden der Enzymatischen Analyse. Verlag Chemie 3d Ed., Weinheim, Bergstr.
Bergmeyer, H. V., andBernt, E. 1974. Malat dehydrogenase—U.V. Test. Pages 649–653,in Bergmeyer, H. V. (ed.), Methoden der Enzymatischen Analyse, Verlag Chemie 3d Ed., Weinheim, Bergstr.
Cicero, T. V., Cowan, W. M., andMoore, B. W. 1970. Changes in the concentration of the two brain specific proteins, S-100 and 14-3-2, during the development of the avian optic tectum. Brain Res. 24:1–10.
Ciesielski-Treska, J., Tholey, G., Wurtz, B., andMandel, P. 1976. Enzymic modifications in a cultivated neuroblastoma done after bromo deoxyuridine treatment. J. Neurochem. 26:465–469.
Diebler, M. T., Farkas-Bargeton, E., andWehrle, R. 1979. Development changes of enzymes associated with energy metabolism and the synthesis of some neurotransmitters in discrete areas of human ureo cortex. J. Neurochem. 32:429–435.
Dittmann, L., Hertz, L., Schousboe, A., Fosmark, H., Sensenbrenner, M., andMandel, P. 1973. Energy metabolism of nerve cells during differentiation. Exptl. Cell. Res. 80:425–431.
Dittmann, L., Sensenbrenner, M., Hertz, L., andMandel, P. 1973. Respiration by cultivated astrocytes and neurons from the cerebral hemispheres. J. Neurochem. 21:191–198.
Itoh, T., andQuastel, J. H. 1970. Acetoacetate metabolism in infant and adult rat brain in vitro. Biochem. J. 116:641–655.
Lowry, O. H., Rosenbrough, N. J., Farr, A. L., andRandall, R. J. 1951. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 193:265–275.
Mandel, P., Ciesielski-Treska, J., Hermetet, J. C., Hertz, L., Nissen, C., Tholey, G., andWarter, F. 1973. Some histochemical, biochemical and pharmacological aspects of differentiation of neuroblastoma cells of mouse. Pages 223–230,Genazzani, E., andMerken, H. (ed.), Central Nervous System-Studies on metabolic Regulation and Function, Springer Verlag, New York.
Mandel, P. 1978. The value of nerve cell cultures for neurochemical research. Proc. Europ. Soc. Neurochem. 1:489–523.
Marangos, P. J., Zomzely-Neurath, C., andYork, C. 1976. Determination and characterization of neuron specific protein (NSP) associated enolase activity. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 68:1309–1316.
Pettmann, B., Louis, J. C., andSensenbrenner, M. 1979. Morphological and biochemical maturation of neurones cultivated in the absence of glial cells. Nature, 281:378–380.
Roth-Schechter, B. F., Tholey, G., andMandel, P. 1979. Development and mechanism of barbiturate tolerance in glial cell cultures. Neurochem. Res. 4:83–97.
Roth-Schechter, B. F., Winzerith, M., Tholey, G., Dierich, A., andMandel, P. 1979. Effect of pentobarbital on mitochondrial synthesis in cultured glial cells. J. Neurochem. 33:669–676.
Schmidt, E. 1962. Glutamat dehydrogenase, Page 752,H. U. Bergmeyer (ed.), Methoden der Enzymatischen Analyse, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, Bergstr.
Sensenbrenner, M. 1977. Dissociated brain cells in primary culture, Pages 191–213,in Fedoroff, S., andHertz, L. (eds.), Cell, Tissue and Organ Cultures in Neurobiology. Academic Press, New York.
Tholey, G., Ciesielski-Treska, J., Wurtz, B., andMandel, P. 1972. Variations de diverses activités enzymatiques liées au métabolisme glucidique dans des cellules de neuroblastome en prolifération et en différenciation. C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 275:1715–1718.
Tholey, G., Wurtz, B., Ciesielski-Treska, J., andMandel, P. 1972. Enzymatic activities modified during multiplication and differentiation of neuroblastoma cells. Nature, New Biology, 239:180–181.
Tholey, G., Roth-Schechter, B. F., andMandel, P. 1980. Development of glial cells in primary cultures: energy metabolism and lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes. Neurochem. Res. 5:847–854.
Tholey, G., Roth-Schechter, B. F., andMandel, P. 1981. Activity and isoenzyme pattern of lactate dehydrogenase in neurons and astroblasts cultured from brains of chick embryos. J. Neurochem. 36:77–81.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tholey, G., Ledig, M. & Mandel, P. Modifications in energy metabolism during the development of chick glial cells and neurons in culture. Neurochem Res 7, 27–36 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00965066
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00965066