Abstract
The etiology of chronic renal failure (CRF) was studied in 459 Turkish children (205 girls, 254 boys) for the period January 1979-December 1993. Their mean age at onset of CRF was 9.5±4.2 years (range 1–16 years); CRF was defined as a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) below 50 ml/min per 1.73 m2 for at least 6 months. When a GFR determination was not available, the serum creatinine concentration was used: greater than 1 mg/dl for children aged 1–3 years, greater than 1.5 mg/dl for those 3–10 years and greater than 2 mg/dl for those 10–16 years. Primary renal disorders were as follows: reflux nephropathy 32.4% glomerular diseases 22.2%, hereditary renal disorders 11.4%, amyloidosis 10.6%, urinary stones 8% and other renal disorders 15.4%. Twenty-three cases of reflux nephropathy (15.4%) were associated with neural tube defects (NTD) and 20 (13.4%) were caused by infravesical obstruction. CRF caused vesicoureteral reflux associated with NTD and amyloidosis are more frequent in our series compared with west European and Nordic countries.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Scharer K (1971) Incidence and causes of chronic renal failure in childhood. Proc Eur Dial Transplant Assoc 7: 211–214
Habib R, Broyer M, Benmaiz H (1973) Chronic renal failure in children. Nephron 11: 209–220
Leumann E (1976) Die chronische Niereninsuffizienz im Kindesalter. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 106: 244–250
Helin I, Winberg J (1980) Chronic renal failure in Swedish children. Acta Paediatr Scand 69: 601–607
Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Paediatrische Nephrologie (1985) Children with chronic renal failure in Federal Republic of Germany. I. Epidemiology, mode of treatment, survival. Clin Nephrol 23: 272–277
Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Paediatrische Nephrologie (1985) Children with chronic renal failure in Federal Republic of Germany. II. Primary renal diseases, age and intervals from early renal failure to renal death. Clin Nephrol 23: 278–284
Chantler C, Carter JE, Bewick M, Counahan R, Cameron J, Ogg CS, Williams DG, Winder E (1980) Ten years experience with regular hemodialysis and renal transplantation. Arch Dis Child 55: 435–445
Leumann, EP, Egli F, Fanconi A, Guignard JP, Koegel R, Oetliker O, Paunier L (1984) Outcome of pediatric patients with end-stage renal disease in Switzerland 1973–1982. Int J Pediatr Nephrol 5: 155–159
Offner G, Aschendorf C, Hoyer PF, Krohn HP, Ehrich JHH, Pichlmayer R, Brodehl J (1988) End stage renal failure: 14 years experience of dialysis and renal transplantation. Arch Dis Child 63: 120–126
Gusmano R, Perfumo F (1993) Worldwide demographic aspects of chronic renal failure in children. Kidney Int 43: Suppl 41 s31-s35
Choi Y, Kim JD, Ko KW, Lee JS, Kim PK, Ko JH (1986) Chronic renal failure in children. J Korean Pediatr Assoc 29: 29–33
Abdurrahaman MH, Al Mugeren M, Al Rasheed SA (1990) Chronic renal failure in children in Saudi Arabia. J Nephrol 2: 93–96
Srivastava RN, Marwaha RK, Koehar GS, Choudry VP (1983) Incidence and causes of irreversible renal failure. Indian Pediatr 20: 95–98
Rama De Nefrologia (1983) Sociedad Chilena de Pediatria. Insufficiencia renal cronica. Encuesta Rev Chil Pediatr 54: 141–143
Potter D, Holliday M, Piel CF, Feduska NJ, Belzel FO, Salvatierra O (1980) Ireatment of end-stage renal failure in children: a 15 year experience. Kidney Int 18: 103–109
Trachtman H, Hackney P, Tejani A (1986) Pediatric hemodialysis: a decade's (1974–1984) perspective. Kidney Int 30: 15–22
Zilleruelo G, Andia J, Gorman HM, Strauss J (1980) Chronic renal failure in children: analysis of main causes and deterioration rate in 81 children. Int J Pediatr Nephrol 1: 30–33
Arbus GS, DeMaria JE, Galiwango J (1980) The first 10 years of dialysis-transplant program at the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto: predialysis and dialysis. Can Med Assoc J 122: 655–659
Alexander SR, Lindblad AS, Nolph KD, Novak JW (1990) Pediatric CAPD/CCPD in United States. A review of the experience of the national CAPD Registry's Pediatric patient population for the period of January 1, 1981 to August 31, 1986. Contemp Issues Nephrol 22: 231–255
Alexander SR, Arbus GS, Butt KMH, Conley S, Fine RN, Greifer I, Gruskin AB, Harmon WE, McEnery PT, Nevins TE, Nogueira N, Salvatierra O Jr, Tejani A (1990) The 1989 report of the North America Pediatric Renal Transplant Cooperative Study. Pediatr Nephrol 4: 542–553
Avner ED, Harmon WE, Grupe WE, Ingelfinger JR, Eraklis AJ, Levey RH (1981) Mortality of chronic hemodialysis and renal transplantation in pediatric end-stage renal disease. Pediatrics 67: 412–416
Esbjörner E, Aranson S, Berg M, Jodal M, Linne T (1990) Children with chronic renal failure in Sweden 1978–1985. Pediatr Nephrol 4: 249–252
Allen TD (1985) Vesicoureteral reflux and unstable bladder. J Urol 134: 1180–1182
Mundy AR (1984) The prognosis of the neuropathic bladder in childhood. In: Brodehl J (ed) Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium of Pediatric Nephrology. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 350–352
Rhoads GG, Mills JL (1986) Can vitamin supplements prevent neural tube defects? Current evidence and ongoing investigations. Clin Obstet Gynecol 29: 569–579
Laurence KM (1967) Major central nervous system malformations in South Wales. I. Incidence, local variations and geographical factors. Brit J Prev Soc Med 22: 146–160
Koch M, Furmann W (1984) Epidemiology of neural tube defects in Germany. Hum Genet 68: 97–103
Cavdar AO, Arcasoy A, Babacan E (1983) Zinc levels of serum, plasma, erythrocytes and hair in Turkish women with anencephalic babies. In: Prasad AS, Çavdar AO, Brewer J, Agget P (eds) Zinc deficiency in human subjects. Liss, New York, pp 99–106
Say BE, Tunçbilek E, Balci S (1973) Incidence of congenital malformations in a sample of the Turkish population. Hum Hered 23: 434–438
Buckley WR, Erten J (1979) The epidemiology of anencephaly and spina bifida in Izmir, Turkey in the light of recent etiological theses. J Epidemiol Community Health 33: 186–188
Ilter O, Atasu T, Aksu MF (1978) Central nervous system abnormalities in Istanbul. Med Bull Istanbul 11: 160–166
Akar N, Çavdar AO, Arcasoy A (1988) High incidence of neural tube defects in Bursa, Turkey Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2: 89–92
Smithells RW (1981) Vitamin supplementation and neural tube defects. Lancet II: 1425–1427
Smithells RW (1983) Further experience of vitamin supplementation for prevention of neural tube defects recurrences. Lancet I: 1027–1031
Smithells RW (1984) Rational use of vitamins. Lancet II: 1295
Milunsky A, Jick H, Bruell CL (1989) Multivitamin/folic acid supplementation in early pregnancy reduces the prevalence of neural tube defects. JAMA 262: 2847–2852
Arbus GS, Geary DF, McLorie GA, Major MI, Berdock SE, Freedman L, Baumai R (1986) Pediatric renal transplant: a canadian perspective. Kidney Int 30: 31–34
Çoruh M (1971) Renal amyloidosis as a complication of familial Mediterranean fever in children. Turk J Pediatr 14: 99–103
Zemer D, Pras M, Sohar E (1986) Colchicine in the prevention and treatment of the amyloidosis of familial Mediterranean fever. N Engl J Med 314: 1001–1005
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Şirin, A., Emre, S., Alpay, H. et al. Etiology of chronic renal failure in Turkish children. Pediatr Nephrol 9, 549–552 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00860926
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00860926