Abstract
The ageing reactions that take place during the heat-treatment of solution-treatedβ III titanium (11.5 wt% Mo, 6 wt% Zr, 4.5 wt% Sn, balance Ti) were followed by detailed structure characterization using electron microscopy. The variations in mechanical properties with heat treatment were also followed systematically. The electron microscopy investigations indicated that the omega phase formed on quenching. The size and volume fraction of the omega phase increased on subsequent ageing,β,ω andα phases were found to co-exist at ageing temperatures between 800 and 900° F (427 and 482° C) for short ageing times. From the observations of interfacial dislocations at theβ/ω interface and the precipitation of fine alpha near the omega particles, with a morphology that is characteristic of the priorω morphology, it is suggested that theα-phase forms directly from the omega phase. The observed increase in yield strength over the solution-treated condition, due to the precipitation ofω phase, was found to agree well with that predicted by the Orowan hardening mechanism. Since the precipitation of fine ellipsoidalα-phase was found to increase the yield strength of the alloy with reasonable ductility, it is suggested that the optimum heat treatment to produce high strength with good ductility inβ III titanium is to age at 900° F (482° C) for 10 to 25 h.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
“Beta Titanium-Alloys”, Metals and Ceramics Information Center Report, MCIC-72-11 (Battelle Columbus Labs., September, 1972).
A. M. Adair andJ. A. Roberson, Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on the Strength of Metals and Alloys, Vol. III (ASM, Metals Park, Ohio 1970) p. 932.
V. C. Peterson, J. B. Guernsey andR. C. Buehl, AFML TR-69-171, June (1969).
J. C. Williams, in “Titanium Science and Technology”, Vol. 3, edited by R. I. Jaffee and H. M. Burte (Plenum, New York, 1972) p. 1433.
J. A. Feeney andM. J. Blackburn,Met Trans. 1 (1979) 3309.
J. M. Silcock, M. H. Davies andH. K. Hardy, “The Mechanism of Phase Transformations in Metals” (Institute of Metals Monograph, No. 18, 1955) p. 93.
Yu. A. Bargaryatsky, G. I. Nosova andT. V. Tagunova,Dokaldy Akad. Nauk. USSR 105 (1955) 1225.
J. C. Williams, D. deFontaine andN. E. Paton,Acta Met. 19 (1971) 1156.
B. A. Hatt andJ. A. Roberts,ibid 8 (1960) 575
W. G. Brammer andC. G. Rhodes,Phil. Mag. 16 (1967) 477.
B. S. Hickman,Trans. AIME 245 (1969) 1329.
J. C. Williams andM. J. Blackburn,ibid 245 (1969) 2352.
A. W. Bowen,J. Mater. Sci. 12 (1977) 1355.
L. A. Rosales, K. Ono, A. W. Sommer andL. A. Lee, in “Titanium Science and Technology”, Vol. 3, edited by R. I. Jaffee and H. H. Burte (Plenum, New York, 1972) p. 1813.
K. Ono, L. A. Rosales, S. Motokura andA. W. Sommer, “Mechanical Behavior of Materials”, Vol. I (Society of Materials Science, Japan, 1972) p. 66.
P. Ganesan, R. J. De Angelis andGordon A. Sargent,J. Less-Common Metals 34 (1974) 209.
S. G. Fedotov, “Titanium and Its Alloys”, NASA-TT-1, 362 (1963).
P. Ganesan, G. A. Sargent andR. J. De Angelis,Metallogr. 10 (1977) 399.
G. Vigier andJ. Merlin,ibid 12 (1979) 113.
H. J. Rack, David Kalish andK. D. Fike,Mat. Sci. Eng. 6 (1979) 181.
T. S. Luhman andA. E. Curzon,J. Mater. Sci. 7 (1972) 710.
Minchung Jon, Hiroshi Fujimura andR. J. De Angelis,Metallogr. 5 (1972) 139.
G. Vigier, J. Merlin andP. F. Gobin,J. Less-Common Metals 46 (1976) 29.
E. Orawan, “Symposium on Internal Stresses in Metals and Alloys”, (Institute of Metals, London 1948) p. 45.
A. J. E. Foreman andM. J. Makin,Canad. J. Phys. 45 (1967) 511.
L. M. Brown andR. K. Ham, “Strengthening Methods in Crystals” (Applied Science, London, 1971) p. 34.
U. F. Kocks, “Physics of Strength and Plasticity” (MIT press, Cambridge, 1969) p. 143.
P. B. Hirsch andF. J. Humphreys,ibid“, p. 189.
A. J. E. Foreman, P. B. Hirsch andF. J. Humphreys, “Fundemental Aspects of Dislocation Theory”, US Nat. Bur. Stand. Special Publ. 317, Vol. 11, (1970) 1083.
M. J. Blackburn andJ. C. Williams,Trans. AIME 242 (1968) 2461.
J. M. Silcock,Acta Met. 6 (1958) 481.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ganesan, P., Sargent, G.A. & De Angelis, R.J. Relationship between the structure and mechanical properties in ß III titanium alloy. J Mater Sci 15, 1425–1435 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00752122
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00752122