Abstract
Ni 3Al and Ni3Al-0.1B, with and without additions of about 2% Ti, Zr, or Hf were subjected to a thermal cycling oxidation test in pure flowing oxygen at atmospheric pressure at temperatures cycled between 400 and 1300 K. The scales formed on Ni3Al and Ni3Al-0.1B spalled repeatedly, resulting in a considerable mass loss of the specimen. The Ti addition to Ni3Al led to a repeated scale spollation, whereas Ti added to Ni3Al-0.1B resulted in a very adherent scale, although the oxidation kinetics were linear and the formation of deeply penetrating Al2O3 along the alloy grain boundaries took place. The scales were very adherent on alloys containing Zr and Hf. This was attributed to the so-called keying mechanism, because uneven penetration of Al2O3 into the alloy took place, leading to irregularly shaped scale/alloy interfaces. ZrO2 and HfO2 particles were incorporated into the Al2O3 layer and protrusions, and some of them were formed ahead of the Al2O3. The shape of these particles was not stringerlike as found with other alloys. The Ti, Zr, and Hf additions tended to decrease the density of voids formed at the scale/alloy interface, but the extent of the change seems to be insufficient to support the vacancy-sink mechanism. The Hf addition was found to be most effective in forming a protective scale.
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Taniguchi, S., Shibata, T. Cyclic oxidation behavior of Ni3Al-0.1B base alloys containing a Ti, Zr, or Hf addition. Oxid Met 25, 201–216 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00655897
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00655897