Abstract
The aquatic vascular plant (Ceratophyllum demersum L.) was investigated as a potential biological filter for removal of Cd from wastewaters. Plants were grown in and harvested weekly from 0.10 M Hoagland nutrient solutions containing concentrations of Cd from 0.01 to 1.03 μg Cd mL−1. Tissue Cd was positively correlated to increased concentrations of Cd in solution. Concentration factors (CFs) of Cd in plants after one week were 13.3 for the 0.01 μg Cd mL−1 treatment; 451.4 for plants treated with 0.04 μg Cd mL−1, and 506.5 for plants treated with 1.03 μg Cd mL−1. Plants treated with 0.01 μg Cd mL−1 sustained tissue Cd concentrations almost 9-fold over those at week 1. However, after 5 weeks tissue Cd concentration in plants exposed to 1.03 μg Cd mL−1 had decreased 97% compared to the week 1 concentration. Growth measurements of dry weight, stem lengths, and lateral shoot growth were nagatively correlated to increased Cd treatments. Our results suggest that Coontail exposed to very low Cd concentrations (0.01 μg Cd mL−1) can take up and accumulate Cd. However, plants exposed to Cd at 0.04 μg Cd mL−1 or above did not accumulate Cd past one week.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Adriano, D. C.: 1986, Trace Metals in the Terrestrial Environment, Springer Verlag, New York, p. 533.
Association of Official Agricultural Chemists: 1975, Methods of Analysis. A. O. A. C., Washington, D. C. 1094 p.
Chaney, R. L.: 1990, Biocycle. 31, 68.
Cooly, T. N. and Martin, D. F.: 1979, Cgemocphere 2, 75.
Dymond, G. C.: 1948, ‘The Water-Hyacinth, A Cinderella of the Plant World’ in J. P. J. van Vuren (eds.), Soil Fertility and Sewage, Dover Publishers, Inc., New York, pp. 236.
Fassett, N. C.: 1965, A Manual of Aquatic Plants, The Univ. of Wisconsin Press, Madison, WI, pp. 405.
Gakstatter, J. H., Allum, M. O., Cominquez, S. E., and Crouse, M. R.: 1978, J. Water Pollut. Contr. Fed. 50, 718.
Hardy, J. K. and O'Keeffee, D. H.: 1985, Chemosphere 14, 417.
Hoagland, D. R. and Arnon, D. I.: The Water Culture Method for Growing Plants Without Soil. Calif. (Berkeley) Agric. Exp. Stn. Circ. p. 347.
Jana, S. and Chandhury, M. A.: 1984, Water, Air, and Soil Pollut. 21, 351.
Johnson, C. M. and Ulrich, A.: 1959, ‘Analytical Methods for Use in Plants Tissue Analysis’, in Calif. (Berkeley) Agric. Exp. Stn. Bull, 766.
Lagerwerff, J. V.: 1972, Water Resour. Res. 8, 661.
Logan, T. J. and Chaney, R. L.: 1983, ‘Utilization of Municipal Wastewater and Sludge on Land’ in A. L. Page, T. L. Gleason, III, J. E. Smith, Jr. I. K. Iskander, and L. E. Sommers (eds.), Proc. Conf. on Utilization of Municipal Waste Water and Sludge on Land, Univ. of California — Riverside, CA, pp. 235.
Low, K. S. and Lee, C. K.: 1981, Pertamika. 4, 16
Martin, A. C., Zim, H. S., and Nelson, A. L.: 1961, American Wildlife and Plants, Dover Publishers, Inc., New York, pp. 500.
Mayes, R. A.: 1975, ‘The Role of Aquatic in the Distribution and Eycling of Cadmium and Lead in Aquatic Ecosystems’, Ph. D. Thesis, Purdue University, University Microfilms International, Ann Arbor, Michigan, p. 204.
Ornes, W. H. and Sutton, D. L.: 1975, J. Aquat. Plant Manage. 13, 56.
Ornes, W. H. and Wildman, R. B.: 1979, ‘Effects of Cadmium (II) on Aquatic Vascular Plants’, in D. D. Hemphill (eds.). Trace Substances in Environmental Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, pp. 304.
Page, A. L. and Bingham, F. T.: 1973, Residue Rev. 48, 1.
Sajwan, K. S., Kaplan, D. I., and Adriano, D. C.: 1990, Agronomy Abstracts, American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI, pp. 46.
Sloey, W. E., Spangler, F. L., and Fetter Jr., C. W.: 1978, ‘Management of Freshwater Wetlands for Nutrient Assimilation’, in R. E. Good, D. F. Whingham, and R. L. Simpson (eds.) Freshwater Wetlands, Academic Press, New York, pp. 321–340.
Sutton, D. L. and Ornes, W. H.: 1977, Aquat Bot, 3, 231.
U.S.EPA: 1978, Health Assessment Document for Cadmium, Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC.
Wolverton, B. C. and McDonald, R. C.: 1978, Water Hyacinth Sorption Rates of Lead, Mercury and Cadmium N.A.S.A. ERL Report, No. 170.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ornes, W.H., Sajwan, K.S. Cadmium accumulation and bioavailability in Coontail (Ceratophyllum demersum L.) plants. Water Air Soil Pollut 69, 291–300 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00478165
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00478165