Abstract
Four-year old Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) trees were pretreated at low and high water supply, and then placed into a growth chamber containing four compartments so that two levels of ozone exposure, 0.02 and 0.4 Μl l−1, could be replicated. They were exposed to ozone and drought stress for 59 days, and water use was determined by periodic weighing. Small effects of ozone treatment were detected on new shoot dry weight, and water use by trees receiving the high ozone treatment appeared higher. Both visual symptoms and ethylene biosynthesis showed that drought stress reduced damage to trees exposed to high ozone. Ethylene emission and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) levels increased after 18 days of exposure to 0.4 Μl l−1 ozone, while visual symptoms were seen at 30 days. After 59 days of exposure to the combined stresses, ethylene and ACC levels were lower, but showed an ozone x water interaction. Most ethylene and ACC were produced by wet trees at high ozone concentration, but dry trees also had high ethylene and ACC levels at low ozone. Levels of needle malonyl-ACC (MACC) were not significantly affected by treatment, and did not change with time, but root MACC levels, which were twice needle levels, were high in wet trees at high ozone concentration, but also high in dry trees at low ozone concentration. These results suggest that drought stress occurring during ozone exposure could be expected to reduce damage to young Norway spruce, and that this damage may be related to ethylene biosynthesis.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Amudson, R. G., Raba, R. M., Schoettle, A. W., and Reich, P. B.: 1986, Journal of Environmental Quality 15, 161.
Barnes, J. D., Eamus, D., Davison, A. W., Ro-Poulson, H., and Mortensen, L.: 1990a, Environmental Pollution 63, 345.
Barnes, J. D., Eamus, D., and Brown, K. A.: 1990b, New Phytologist 114, 713.
Bucher, J. B.: 1981, European Journal of Forest Pathology 11, 369.
Burdett, A. N.: 1979, Canadian Journal of Forest Research 9, 63.
Chen, Y. -M. and Wellburn, A. R.: 1989, Plant Physiology 91, 357.
Edwards, N. T., Edwards, G. L., Kelly, J. M., and Taylor, G. E.: 1992, Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 63, 105.
Eklund, L., Cienciala, E., and HÄllgren, J. -E.: 1992, Physiologia Plantarum 86, 297.
Fuhrer, J.: 1985, European Journal of Forest Pathology 15, 227.
Fuhrer, J., and Fuhrer-Fries, C. B.: 1985, Phytochemistry 24, 19.
Gunderson, S. A., and Taylor, G. E.: 1991, Plant Physiology 95, 337.
Johansson, T.: 1987, Forest Ecology and Management 20, 307–319.
Langebartels, C., Heller, W., Kerner, K., Leonardi, S., Rosemann, D., Schraudner, M., Trost, M., and Sandermann, H.: 1990, in Pfirrmann T. and Payer H-D. (eds.), Environmental Research with Plants in Closed Chambers, Air Pollution Reports of the EC, 26, 358.
Langebartels, C., Kerner, K., Leonardi, S., Schraudner, M., Trost, M., Heller, W., and Sandermann, H.: 1991, Plant Physiology 95, 882.
Machackova, I., Hanisova, A., and Krekule, J.: 1992, Physiologia Plantarum 84, 399.
Mehlhorn, H., Francis, B. J., and Wellburn, A. R.: 1989, New Phytologist 110, 525.
Mehlhorn, H., and Wellburn, A. R.: 1987, Nature 327, 417.
Morgan, P. W., He, C. -J., De Greef, J. A., and De Proft, M. P.: 1990, Plant Physiology 94, 1616.
Pye, J. M.: 1988, Journal of Environmental Quality 17, 347.
Rehfuess, K. E.: 1987, Forestry 60, 1.
Reich, P. B.: 1987. Tree Physiology 3, 63.
Reich, P. B., and Amundson, R. G.: 1985. Science 230, 566.
SAS Institute Inc.: 1989. User's guide, Version 6, 4th ed. Vols 1 and 2. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.
Schulze, E. D.: 1989. Science 244, 776.
Smit, J., and van den Driessche, R.: 1992, Tree Physiology 11, 401.
Sokal, R. R., and Rohlf, F. J.: 1981, Biometry, W. H. Freeman and Co., San Francisco, California.
Tennant, D., 1975.: Journal of Ecology 63, 995.
Tingey, D. T., and Hogsett, W. E.: 1985. Plant Physiology 77, 944.
Tingey, D. T., Standley, C., and Field, R. W.: 1976. Atmosphere and Environment 10, 969.
Wallin, G., and SkÄrby, L.: 1992. Trees 6, 128.
Wallin, G., SkÄrby, L., and Selldén, G.: 1990. New Phytologist 115, 335.
Woodman, J. N.: 1987. Tree Physiology 3, 1.
Woong, S., Lee, B., Chevone, I., and Seiler, J. R.: 1990. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 51, 105.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Van Den Driessche, R., Langebartels, C. Foliar symptoms, ethylene biosynthesis and water use of young Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) exposed to drought and ozone. Water Air Soil Pollut 78, 153–168 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00475674
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00475674