Summary
Southern analysis of DNA from four albino barley plants regenerated from microspores by direct embryogenesis revealed the presence of plastid genomes which had undergone deletion or alteration of specific restriction fragments (ΔptDNAs). In contrast, a fifth plant appeared to contain an intact plastid genome. All the albino plants studied contained reduced amounts of ptDNA, the most abundant restriction fragments being present at levels between 6% and 20% of those found in the leaves of green seedlings. Steady-state levels of transcripts from plastid and nuclear genes encoding plastid components were estimated by Northern analysis of RNA from albino plants. Transcripts from the plastid genes rbcL, psbD-psbC and the 16S and 23S rRNAs were undetectable or were present at greatly reduced levels in albino plants compared to those found in green leaves. Transcripts from the nuclear genes rbcS and cab, which encode chloroplast localised proteins, were also present at reduced levels in albino pollen plants. Levels of the nuclear encoded 25S rRNA, which is not a plastid component, were found to be identical in albino plants and green leaves suggesting that only the expression of plastid-related genes may be affected in albino plants. The general reduction of plastid-related transcripts was independent of the different patterns of ptDNA alteration seen in albino pollen plants.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
Abbreviations
- cDNA:
-
complementary DNA
- DNA:
-
deoxyribose nucleic acid
- IR:
-
inverted repeat; kb, kilobase
- LSC:
-
large single copy
- mRNA:
-
messenger RNA
- ptDNA:
-
ptastid DNA
- ptDNA:
-
altered ptDNAs
- rDNA:
-
ribosomal DNA
- rRNA:
-
ribosomal RNA
- Rubisco:
-
ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase
- SDS:
-
sodium dodecyl sulphate
- SSC:
-
small single copy
References
Barkardottir RB, Jensen BF, Kreiberg JD, Nielsen PS, Gausing K (1987) Dev Genet 8:495–511
Batschauer A, Mosinger R, Kreuz K, Dorr I, Apel K (1986) Eur J Biochem 154:625–634
Berends T, Gamble PE, Mullet JE (1987) Nucleic Acids Res 15:5217–5240
Clapham D (1973) Z Pflanzenzuecht 69:142–155
Dalgleish (1987) In: Bulnois GJ (ed) Gene cloning and analysis. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford
Day A, Ellis THN (1984) Cell 39:359–368
Day A, Ellis THN (1985) Curr Genet 9:671–678
Dujon B (1981) In: Strathern JN, Jones EW, Broach JR (eds) The molecular biology of the yeast Saccharomyces. Life cycle and inheritance. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
Dunford RP (1989) Molecular aspects of albinism in anther culturederived barley plants. PhD thesis, University of Leicester
Dunwell JM (1984) In: Withers LA, Alderson PG (eds) Plant tissue culture and its agricultural applications. Butterworths, London
Ellis THN, Day A (1986) EMBO J 5:2769–2774
Feinberg AP, Vogelstein B (1983) Anal Biochem 163:16–20
Gamborg OL (1970) Plant Physiol 45:372–375
Gerlach WL, Bedbrook JR (1979) Nucl Acids Res 7:1869–1882
Gollmer I, Apel K (1983) Eur J Biochem 133:309–313
Huang B, Sunderland N (1982) Ann Bot 49:77–88
Hunter CP (1987) European Patent Number: 87200773.7
Kuhlemeier C, Green PJ, Chua N-H (1987) Annu Rev Plant Physiol 38:221–257
Lam E, Chua N-H (1987) Plant Mol Biol 8:415–424
Logemann J, Schell J, Willmitzer L (1987) Anal Biochem 163:16–20
Lyne RL, Bennet RI, Hunter CP (1984) In: Withers LA, Alderson PG (eds) Plant tissue culture and its agricultural applications. Butterworths, London
Maniatis T, Fritsch EF, Sambrook KJ (1982) Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Habor, NY
Murray MG, Thompson WF (1980) Nucleic Acids Res 8:4321–4325
Poulsen C (1983) Carlsberg Res Commun 48:57–80
Stirdivant SM, Crossland LD, Bogorad L (1985) Proc Natl Sci Am USA 82:4886–4890
Sun C-S, Wang C-C, Chu C-C (1974) Sci Sin 17:793–797
Sun C-S, Wu S-C, Wang C-C, Chu C-C (1979) Theor Appl Genet 55:193–197
Sunderland N, Evans LJ (1980) J Exp Bot 31:501–514
Tobin EM, Silverthorne J (1985) Annu Rev Plant Physiol 36:569–593
Tohdoh N, Sugiura M (1982) Gene 17:213–218
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by J. D. Rochaix
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dunford, R., Walden, R.M. Plastid genome structure and plastid-related transcript levels in albino barley plants derived from anther culture. Curr Genet 20, 339–347 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00318524
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00318524