Summary
Thirty-five embryos of stage 14 (32 days) were studied in detail and graphic reconstructions of four of them were prepared. Characteristic features of this stage include the beginning formation of the future cerebral hemispheres and the cerebellar plates.
The ventral boundary between telencephalon medium and diencephalon is the preoptic recess. Although a velum transversum is not yet distinguishable as a dorsal boundary, its site is indicated by a change in the thickness of the roof of the forebrain. As the cerebral vesicles (future hemispheres) begin to evaginate, a di-telencephalic sulcus and a corresponding lateral ventricle and ventricular ridge (torus hemisphericus) develop. The telencephalic wall is mainly ventricular layer but three areas show advanced differentiation: olfactory area, future amygdaloid body (which lies at first mainly in the diencephalon), and primordium of the hippocampus. The telencephalon is growing in length, and the forebrain now occupies almost one quarter of the total length of the brain.
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Abbreviations
- Aff. :
-
Common afferent tract
- A-H :
-
Adenohypophysial pouch
- Amn :
-
Amnion
- Amyg. :
-
Area of the future amygdaloid body
- B.c. :
-
Boundary cap
- B.v. :
-
Blood vessel
- Cer. :
-
Cerebellum
- Cer.v. :
-
Cerebral vesicle
- Ch. :
-
Chiasmatic plate
- Comm. :
-
Commissural plate
- D-t S. :
-
Di-telencephalic sulcus
- D :
-
Diencephalon
- End. :
-
Endolymphatic duct
- Hip. :
-
Hippocampus
- Hyp. C. :
-
Hypothalamic cell cord
- H-Th. :
-
Hypothalamothalamic tract
- I :
-
Infundibulum
- Int.st. :
-
Interstitial nucleus
- L.L. :
-
Lateral longitudinal fasciculus
- L.T. :
-
“Adult” lamina terminalis
- M :
-
Mesencephalon
- Ma. :
-
Mamillary area
- Med.E. :
-
Medial eminence
- MLF :
-
Medial longitudinal fasciculus
- Nas. :
-
Nasal plate
- N.Cr. :
-
Neural crest
- Not. :
-
Notochord
- Olf. :
-
Olfactory area
- Olf.E. :
-
Olfactory eminence
- Opt. :
-
Optic vesiole
- Opt.G. :
-
Optic Groove
- Opt.St. :
-
Optic stalk
- Ot :
-
Otic vesicle
- Pr.-H-T :
-
Preopticohypothalamotegmental tract
- Rh. :
-
Rhombomere
- S.L. :
-
Sulcus limitans
- S. med. :
-
Sulcus medius
- St. :
-
Stomach
- Syn. :
-
Synencephalon
- Tel.:
-
Telencephalon
- Tel.m. :
-
Telencephalon medium
- d.Th. :
-
Dorsal Thalamus
- v.Th. :
-
ventral Thalamus
- T.hem. :
-
Torus hemisphericus
- Tr. :
-
Trachea
- VLF :
-
Ventral longitudinal fasciculus
- Vel. :
-
Velum transversum
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Supported by research grant No. HD-16702, Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (USA)
Numbers 5 to 12 cranial nerves. Where cranial nerves and rhombomeres are labelled in the same figure, the latter are in boldface numbers. The asterisk in Figs. 3 and 8 indicates the borderline between rhombencephalon and spinal cord
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Müller, F., O'Rahilly, R. The first appearance of the future cerebral hemispheres in the human embryo at stage 14. Anat Embryol 177, 495–511 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00305137
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00305137