Abstract
One hundred and fifteen cases of hydrocephalus in children were analysed. Cerebrospinal compensatory reserve was assessed by a computerized, constant rate, lumbar infusion test. Head circumference and ventricular size were measured and a psychometric examination carried out. A classification of hydrocephalus based on resting cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFP) and resistance to cerebrospinal fluid outflow (RCSF) was introduced. Parameters of compensatory reserve were compared in atrophy (low CSFP, low RCSF), normal-pressure hydrocephalus (low CSFP, increased RCSF), non-communicating hydrocephalus (high CSFP, low RCSF) and acute hydrocephalus (high CSFP and increased RCSF). Significant differences were found between the factors describing compensatory ability in these groups. Sixty-two patients could be classified on the basis of resting CSFR and RCSF. Differentiation between the types of hydrocephalus was shown to be more accurate when all variables measured during the pressure-volume test were considered. The patterns of the time courses of CSFP during rate infusion tests in the different types of hydrocephalus are presented.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Albeck MJ, Borgesen SE, Gjerris F, et al (1991) Intracranial pressure and cerebrospinal fluid outflow conductance in healthy subjects. J Neurosurg 74:597–600
Borgesen SE, Gjerris F (1987) Relationships between intracranial pressure, ventricular size and resistance to CSF outflow. J Neurosurg 67:535–539
Borgesen SE, Gjerris F, et al (1989) Measurement of resistance to CSF outflow-clinical experiences in 333 patients. In: Hoff JT, Betz AL (eds) Intracranial pressure 7. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 353–355
Cardia E, Gambardella G, Lucerna S, Cambria S (1987) Computerized use of CSFP data. Preliminary elements on the shunt patient. Child's Nerv Syst 3:292–293
Chazal J, Irthum B, Janny P (1989) Hydrocephalie ventriculosous-arachnoidienne d'origine villositaire. Neurochirurgie 35:379–382, 410
Czosnyka M, Wollk-Laniewski P, Batorski L, Zaworski W (1988) Analysis of intracranial pressure waveform during infusion test. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 93:140–145
Czosnyka M, Batorski L, Laniewski P, et al (1990) A computer system for the identification of cerebrospinal compensatory model. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 105:112–116
Di Rocco C, Caldarelli M, Mangiola A, Milani A (1988) The lumbar subarachnoid infusion test in infants. Child's Nerv Syst 4:16–21
Hirsch JF, Pierre-Kahn A, Renier D, et al (1984) The Dandy Walker malformation. J Neurosurg 61:515–522
Holtzer GJ, Lange SA de (1973) Shunt-independent arrest of hydrocephalus. J Neurosurg 39:698–701
Kosteljanetz M, Nehen AM, Kaalund J (1990) Cerebrospinal outflow resistance measurement in the selection of patients for shunt surgery in the normal pressure hydrocephalus syndrome. A controlled trial. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 104:48–53
Lundar T (1989) The use of intraventricular resorption test (IVT) in the management of hydrocephalic children. Z Kinderchir 44 [Suppl1]:27–28
Meter U, Knopf W, Schmidt V, et al (1990) Typische CT-Befunde während des intrathekalen Infusionstestes bei posttraumatischen Störungen der Liqurdynamik. Zentralbl Neurochir 51:102–106
Oi S, Matsumoto S (1987) Infantile hydrocephalus and the slit ventricle syndrome in early infancy. Child's Nerv Syst 3:145–150
Oi S, Matsumoto S (1989) Hydrocephalus in premature infants. Characteristic and therapeutic problems. Child's Nerv Syst 5:76–82
Sato H, Sato N, Tamaki N, Matsumoto S (1988) Threshold of cerebral perfusion pressure as a prognostic factor in hydrocephalus during infancy. Child's Nerv Syst 4:274–278
Shapiro K, Fried A, (1988) The theoretical requirements of shunt designs as determined by biochemical testing in paediatric hydrocephalus. Child's Nerv Syst 4:348–353
Shapiro K, Fried A, Marmarou A (1985) Biomechanical and hydrodynamic characterization of the hydrocephalic infant. J Neurosurg 63:69–75
Tans JT, Poortvliet DCJ (1989) Relationship between compliance and resistance to outflow of CSF in adult hydrocephalus. J Neurosurg 71:59–62
Tans JT, Poortvliet DCJ (1989) Does compliance predict ventricular reduction after shunting for normal pressure hydrocephalus. In: Hoff JT, Betz AL (eds) Intracranial pressure 7. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 386–389
Wocjan J, Sliwka S, Roszkowski M, et al (1986) Analysis of CSF dynamics by computerized pressure-elastance resorption test in hydrocephalic children. CHild's Nerv Syst 2:98–99
Wocjan J, Batorski L, Czosnyka M, et al (1989) Normal pressure hydrocephalus in children-the state of hypercompensation. In: Hoff JT, Betz AL (eds) Intracranial pressure 7. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 406–409
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Czosnyka, M., Batorski, L., Roszkowski, M. et al. Cerebrospinal compensation in hydrocephalic children. Child's Nerv Syst 9, 17–22 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00301929
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00301929