Summary
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1.
The breeding success of the pukeko or swamphen, Porphyrio porphyrio melanotus, was studied for three seasons in two different habitats in the Manawatu, New Zealand.
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2.
There was a direct relationship between clutch size and the number of birds in a territory. In groups the dominant female was at a reproductive advantage, laying more eggs overall, but especially in the first and more successful clutch. Dominant females in groups were still at a disadvantage compared with females breeding in a pair.
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3.
Overall reproductive success was greater for pairs than for groups, although much of this difference could be attributed to habitat variables and membership stability.
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4.
Attempts to measure the ‘helping effect’ of non-reproductive helpers were inconclusive. The advantages and disadvantages to individuals are discussed, and it is concluded that breeding success is of limited value in explaining the communal habit of pukeko.
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Craig, J.L. Breeding success of a communal gallinule. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 6, 289–295 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00292771
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00292771