Abstract
The concentrations of heavy metals in bottom sediments from urban receiving waters, Kranji Reservoir and MacRitchie Reservoir in Singapore, were investigated. Distribution of the heavy metals in the bottom sediment, interstitial water and overlying water was analysed. The concentration of heavy metals in the interstitial water was found to be significantly high and exceed the water quality criteria by three to eleven times. The partitioning coefficient shows that the solubility of the metals are in the order: Mn > Zn > Cu > Pb > Fe > Al. Fractional composition of heavy metals in the sediments was determined using sequential extraction process. The results show that Cu was largely complexed by organics, 74% of Zn was in easily remobilised fractions, and 36% of Pb was in the easily reducible fraction and 47% in carbonate and ion-exchangeable fractions. Release of sediment-bound metals was studied. The results indicate that, besides pH and redox, the sediment buffering capacity is an important parameter affecting the remobilization of heavy metals from sediment.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Bryan, G. W.: 1991, Environ. Pollut. 76, 89.
Calmano, W., Hong, J. and Forstner, U.: 1993, Sci. Tech. 28, 223.
Chapman, P M.: 1988, Marine sediment toxicity tests, ASTM STP 976, 391.
Chen, W. and Morrison, G. M.: 1992, Hydrobiologia235/236, 597.
Chen, W. and Morrison, G. M.: 1993, Environ. Tech. 14, 1057.
Florence, T. M.: 1983, Anal. Chem. 2, 162.
Forstner, U., Ahlf, W. and Calmano, W.: 1993, Wat. Sci. Tech. 28, 307.
Forstner, U.: 1983, Metal Pollution in the Aquatic Environment, Springer-Verlag, Berlin and New York.
Frits, V L. (ed.): 1990, The Water Encyclopedia, Lewis Publishers.
Hakanson, L. and Jansson M.: 1983, Principles of Lake Sedimentology, Springer-Verlag, Berlin and New York.
House, M. A., Ellis, J. B. and Herricks, E. E.: 1992, Wat. Sci. Tech. 27, 117.
Kersten, M. and Forstner, U.: 1986, Wat. Sci. Tech. 18, 121.
Morrison, G. M., Batley, G. E. and Florence, T. M.: 1989, Chem. Br. 8, 791.
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater: 1993, 18th Ed., American Public Health Association (APHA), Washington, D.C.
Stumm, W.: 1992, Chemistry of the Solid-Water Interface, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York and Chichester.
Tessier, A., Campbell, P. G. C. and Bisson, M.: 1979, Anal. Chem. 51, 844.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chen, W., Tan, S.K. & Tay, J.H. Distribution, fractional composition and release of sediment-bound heavy metals in tropical reservoirs. Water Air Soil Pollut 92, 273–287 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00283563
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00283563