Conclusion
We have developed an efficient in vivo gene transfer system based on liposomes, HVJ, and nuclear proteins. In this system DNA is delivered directly into the cytoplasm using virus-cell fusion, and the DNA is most likely inserted into the nucleus and stabilized there to result in efficient gene expression by the cointroduced nuclear protein. HMG-1 is so far the most successful nuclear proteins in enhancing gene expression. Moreover, our delivery system results in a significant increase in the stability and effectiveness of antisense ODNs. Although there still exist limitations in the delivery system (e.g., transient gene expression, inability to target), the HVJ liposome or vesicle complex will be one of the most practical gene delivery systems not only for the treatment of postnatal disorders but also for the analysis of molecular aspects of diseases.
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Abbreviations
- ACE :
-
Angiotensin-converting enzyme
- AGN :
-
Angiotensinogen
- BSA :
-
Bovine serum albumin
- CAT :
-
Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase
- FITC :
-
Fluoroscein isothiocyanate
- HMG :
-
High-mobility group
- HSV-TK :
-
Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase
- HVJ :
-
Hemagglutinating virus of Japan
- ID :
-
Inhibiting dose
- Ltk- L:
-
cells deficient in the TK gene
- ODN :
-
Oligonucleotide
- pActCAT :
-
Chicken β-actin promoter controlled chloramphenicol acetyltransferase
- pActHIN :
-
Chicken β-actin promoter controlled human insulin vesicle complex
- pActSVT :
-
Chicken β-actin promoter controlled SV40 large T antigen
- RBC :
-
Red blood cell
- TK :
-
Thymidine kinase
- VSMC :
-
Vascular smooth muscle cell [CE2]
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Kaneda, Y., Morishita, R. & Tomita, N. Increased expression of DNA cointroduced with nuclear protein in adult rat liver. J Mol Med 73, 289–297 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00231615
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00231615