Summary
The isolation of preadipocyte cell strains from adipose tissue and from bone marrow, and the establishment of preadipocyte cell lines from embryonic and adult mouse, have been useful tools to study the process of adipose cell differentiation.
This process is regulated both by extracellular signals present in serum and by intracellular signals; the characterization of these signals is under investigation. During adipose cell differentiation morphological and enzymatic changes are dramatic and they are accompanied by qualitative and quantitative variations of the cell protein content. These changes include the induction of the enzymes of the fatty acid and triglyceride synthesizing pathways and a subsequent triglyceride accumulation. The development of hormonal responses to insulin and to β-adrenergics is also observed, and differentiated adipose cells behave essentially like mature adipocytes isolated from adipose tissue.
The present review will be devoted to the main events of adipose conversion in cell lines and cell strains, and to current work which concerns the identification of the triggering signals possibly involved in that process.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
Abbreviations
- LPL:
-
lipoprotein lipase
- MGL:
-
monoglyceride lipase
- T3:
-
triiodothyronine
- dbcAMP:
-
dibutyryl-CAMP
- MIX:
-
1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine
- PG:
-
prostaglandins
- FCS:
-
fetal calf serum
- EDGF:
-
eye-derived growth factor
- PDGF:
-
platelet-derived growth factor
- FGF:
-
fibroblast growth factor
- VLDL:
-
very low density proteins
References
Hausman, G. J., Campion, D. R. and Martin, R. J., 1980. J. Lipid Res. 21: 657–670.
Green, H. and Kehinde, O., 1979. J. Cell. Physiol. 101: 169–172.
Green, H. and Kehinde, O., 1974. Cell 1: 113–116.
Green, H. and Kehinde, O., 1975. Cell 5: 19–27.
Green, H. and Kehinde, O., 1976. Cell 7: 105–113.
Négrel, R., Grimaldi, P. and Ailhaud, G., 1978. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S. 75: 6054–6058.
Darmon, M., Serrero, G., Rizzino, A. and Sato, G., 1981. Exp. Cell Res. 132: 313–327.
Hiragun, A., Sato, M. and Mitsui, H., 1980. In Vitro 16: 685–693.
Greenberger, J. S., 1978. Nature 275: 753–754.
Van, R. L. R., Bayliss, C. E. and Roncari, D. A. K., 1976. J. Clin. Invest. 58: 699–704.
Van, R. L. R. and Roncari, D. A. K., 1977. Cell Tiss. Res. 181: 197–205.
Björntorp, P., Karlsson, M., Pertoft, H., Petterson, P., Sjöström, L. and Smith, U., 1978. J. Lipid Res. 19: 316–324.
Poznanski, W. J., Waheed, I. and Van, R. L. R., 1973. Lab. Invest. 29: 570–576.
Green, H. and Meuth, M., 1974. Cell 3: 127–133.
Goldberg, B., 1977. Cell 11: 169–172.
Verrando, P., Negrel, R., Grimaldi, P. and Ailhaud, G., 1980. Biochimie 62: 201–203.
Plass, H. A. K. and Cryer, A., 1980. J. Develop. Biol. 2: 275–289.
Spiegelman, B. and Green, H., 1981. Cell 24: 503–510.
Novikoff, A. B., Novikoff, P. M., Rosen, O. M. and Rubin, C. S., 1980. J. Cell. Biol. 87: 180–196.
Rothblat, G. H. and DeMartinis, F. D., 1977. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 78: 45–50.
Björntorp, P., Karlsson, M., Petterson, P. and Sypniewska, G., 1980. J. Lipid. Res. 21: 714–723.
Djian, P., Grimaldi, P., Negrel, R. and Ailhaud, G., 1982. (In press.)
Sidhu, R., 1979. J. Biol. Chem. 254: 11111–11118.
Mackall, J. C., Student, A. K., Polakis, E. and Lane, M. D., 1976. J. Biol. Chem. 251: 6462–6464.
Coleman, R. A., Reed, B. C., Mackall, J. C., Student, A. K., Lane, M. D. and Bell, R. M., 1978. J. Biol. Chem. 253: 7250–7261.
Miller, R. E., Hackenberg, R. and Gershman, H., 1978. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 75: 1418–1422.
Miller, R. E. and Carrino, D. A., 1980. J. Biol. Chem. 255: 5490–5500.
Kuri-Harcuch, W. and Green, H., 1977. J. Biol. Chem. 252: 2158–2160.
Mackall, J. C. and Lane, M. D., 1977. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 79: 720–725.
Grimaldi, P., Négrel, R. and Ailhaud, G., 1978. Eur. J. Biochem. 84: 369–376.
Wise, L. S. and Green, H., 1979. J. Biol. Chem. 254: 273–275.
Freytag, S. O. and Utter, M. F., 1980. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 77: 1321–1325.
Coleman, R. A. and Bell, R. M., 1980. J. Biol. Chem. 255: 7681–7687.
Spiegelman, B. M. and Green, H., 1980. J. Biol. Chem. 255: 8811–8818.
Russel, T. R., 1979. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 76: 4451–4454.
Kuri-Harcuch, W., Wise, L. S. and Green, H., 1978. Cell 14: 53–59.
Eckel, R. H., Fujimoto, W. Y. and Brunzell, J. D., 1977. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 78: 288–293.
Wise, L. S. and Green, H., 1978. Cell 13: 233–242.
Spooner, P. M., Chernick, S. S., Garrison, M. M. and Scow, R. O., 1979. J. Biol. Chem. 254: 1305–1311.
Ailhaud, G., Grimaldi, P., Négrel, R., Serrero, G. and Verrando, P., 1980. In: Obesity: Cellular and Molecular Aspects. (eds. INSERM) Vol. 87, pp. 51–64.
Pekala, P. H., Lane, M. D., Watkuis, P. A. and Moss, J., 1981. J. Biol. Chem. 256: 4871–4876.
Shimaka, K., Gill, P. J., Silbert, J. E., Douglas, W. H. J. and Fanburg, B. L., 1981. J. Clin. Invest. 68: 995–1002.
Murphy, M., Négrel, R. and Ailhaud, G., 1981. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 664: 240–248.
Weiss, G. H., Rosen, O. M. and Rubin, C. S., 1980. J. Biol. Chem. 255: 4751–4757.
Student, A. K., Hsu, R. Y. and Lane, M. D., 1980. J. Biol. Chem. 255: 4745–4750.
Green, H., 1980. In: Obesity: Cellular and Molecular Aspects (eds. INSERM) Vol. 87, pp. 15–24.
Rubin, C. S., Hirsch, A., Fung, C. and Rosen, O. M., 1978. J. Biol. Chem. 253: 7570–7578.
Rosen, O. R., Smith, C. J., Hirsch, A., Lai, E. and Rubin, C. S., 1979. In: Recent Progress in Hormone Research. Vol. 35, pp. 477–499.
Serrero, G. and Khoo, J. C., 1982. Anal. Biochem. (In press.)
Serrero, G. and Sato, G., 1982. In: 9th Cold Spring Harbor Conference on Cell Proliferation. (In press.)
Russell, T. R. and Ho, R. J., 1976. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 73: 4516–4520.
Amhad, P. M., Russel, T. R. and Amhad, F., 1979. Biochem. J. 182: 509–514.
Négrel, R. and Ailhaud, G., 1981. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 98: 768–777.
Négrel, R., Grimaldi, P. and Ailhaud, G., 1981. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 666: 15–24.
Verrando, P., Négrel, R., Grimaldi, P., Murphy, M. and Ailhaud, G., 1981. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 663: 255–265.
Grimaldi, P., Négrel, R., Vincent, J. P. and Ailhaud, G., 1979. J. Biol. Chem. 254: 6849–6852.
Kohno, K., Hiragun, A., Takatsuki, A., Tamura, G. and Mitsui, H., 1980. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 93: 842–849.
Greenberger, J. S., 1979. In Vitro 15: 823–828.
Gharbi-Chihi, J., Grimaldi, P., Torresani, J. and Ailhaud, G., 1981. J. Receptor Res. 2: 153–173.
Diamant, S., Gorin, E. and Shafrir, E., 1972. Eur. J. Biochem. 26: 553–559.
Mariash, C. N., Kaiser, F. E. and Oppenheimer, J. H., 1980. Endocrinology 106: 22–37.
Mariasch, C. N., Kaiser, F. E., Schwartz, H. L., Towle, H. C. and Oppenheimer, J. H., 1980. J. Clin. Invest. 65: 1126–1134.
Kari-Harcuch, W. and Green, H., 1981. J. Cell. Physiol. 108: 455–460.
Sato, G., Hiragun, A. and Mitsui, H., 1980. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 95: 1839–1845.
Keay, S. and Grossberg, S. E., 1980. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 77: 4099–4103.
Reed, B. C., Kaufmann, S. H., Mackall, J. C., Student, A. K. and Lane, M. D., 1977. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 74: 4876–4880.
Chang, T. H. and Polakis, S. E., 1978. J. Biol. Chem. 253: 4693–4696.
Karlsson, E. A., Grunfeld, C., Kahn, C. R. and Roth, J., 1979. Endocrinology 104: 1383–1392.
Reed, B. C. and Lane, M. D., 1980. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 77: 285–289.
Reed, B. C., Ronnett, G. V. and Lane, M. D., 1981. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78: 2908–2912.
Reed, B. C., Ronnett, G. V., Clements, P. R. and Lane, M. D., 1981. J. Biol. Chem. 256: 3917–3925.
Chang, T. H., Williams, I. H. and Polakis, S. E., 1979. Exp. Cell. Res. 120: 395–403.
Karlsson, F. A., Van Obberghen, E., Grunfeld, C. and Kahn, C. R., 1979. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 76: 809–813.
Van Obberghen, E., Spooner, P. M., Kahn, R. C., Chernick, S. S., Garrison, M. M., Karlsson, F. A. and Grunfeld, C., 1979. Nature 280: 500–502.
Rubin, C. S., Lai, E. and Rosen, O. M., 1977. J. Biol. Chem. 252: 3554–3557.
Forest, C., Negrel, R. and Ailhaud, G., 1981. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 102: 577–587.
Fredrikson, G., Strålfors, P., Nilsson, N. O. and Belfrage, P., 1981. J. Biol. Chem. 256: 6311–6320.
Murray, T. and Russell, T. R., 1980. Eur. J. Biochem. 107: 217–224.
Roncari, D. A. K., Wang, H. and Desai, K. S., 1980. Canad. J. Biochem. 58: 201–205.
Kawamura, M., Jensen, D. F., Wancewicz, E. V., Joy, L. L., Khoo, J. C. and Steinberg, D., 1981. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78: 732–736.
Rosen, O. R., Smith, C. J., Fung, C. and Rubin, C. S., 1978. J. Biol. Chem. 253: 7579–7583.
Kobayashi, M. and Olefsky, J. M., 1978. J. Clin. Invest. 62: 73–81.
Smith, U., 1974. J. Clin. Invest. 53: 91–98.
Grunfeld, C., Baird, K., Van Obberghen, E. and Kahn, R. C., 1981. Endocrinology 106: 1723–1730.
Maeda, Y. Y., Rokutanda, M. and Yamoto, N., 1980. Exp. Cell. Res. 126: 99–107.
De La Llera, M., Glick, J. M. and Rothblat, G., 1981. J. Lipid Res. 22: 245–253.
Glick, J. M. and Rothblat, G. H., 1980. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 618: 163–172.
Pairault, J. and Green, H., 1979. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 76: 5138–5142.
Pilgrim, C., 1971. Dev. Biol. 26: 69–76.
Gaben-Cogneville, A. M. and Swierczewski, E., 1979. Lipids 14: 669–675.
Klyde, B. K. and Hirsch, J., 1979. J. Lipid Res. 20: 705–715.
Kuri-Harcuch, W. and Green, H., 1978. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 75: 6107–6109.
Serrero, G., McClure, D. B. and Stato, G. H., 1979. In: Cold Spring Harbor Conference on Cell Proliferation vol. 6, pp. 523–530 (G. Sato and R. Ross, eds.).
Hayashi, I., Nixon, T., Morikawa, M. and Green, H., 1981. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78: 3969–3972.
Grimaldi, P., Djian, P., Negrel, R. and Ailhaud, G., 1982. (In press.)
Chen, J. J. and London, I. M., 1981. Cell 26: 117–122.
Bethell, D. R. and Pegg, A. E., 1981. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 102: 272–278.
Chiang, P. K., 1981. Nature 211: 1164–1166.
Barnes, D. and Sato, G., 1980. Cell 22: 649–655.
Tran, M. A., Tran, L. D., Berlan, M. and Lafontan, M., 1981. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 76: 435–438.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ailhaud, G. Adipose cell differentiation in culture. Mol Cell Biochem 49, 17–31 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00230992
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00230992