Abstract
The gradual accumulation of the Earth's hydrosphere, the land-to-water ratio, the periodic change of orogenesis and peneplanization stages, the timely and spatial change of the incoming solar energy determined the periodic changes of the major global hydrological cycles with the development of continental glaciations and permafrost of great pluvial epochs of a global warming in the geological past.
Within a relatively short historical period various reasons for periodic and non-periodic heat and water transfer have led to changes in the hydrological cycle and to land moisture fluctuations.
At present global hydrological processes are going through quite drastic changes as a result of the fluctuations of a number of geophysical processes (natural energy factors, in the first place). The global warming of the climate has resulted in the increase in the intensity of surface water exchange, in the drying up of continents and in the filling of the World Ocean. These changes are accompanied by an increase in the anthropogenic impact on water balance by the strenghthening of hydrologic exchange and the slowing down of river water exchange.
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Klige, R.K. Historical changes of the regional and global hydrological cycles. GeoJournal 20, 129–136 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00196740
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00196740