Abstract
The deficiency of oxygen concentration in root environment linked to waterlogging conditions caused important injuries for plants. These effects could be reproduced by oxygen deficient nutrient solution. This bibliographical synthesis has been centered on experimental results obtained on plants cultivated in soilless culture. This review paper presents a methodology used to study oxygen depletion in a nutrient solution and to calculate root respiration rates. The main factors influencing root respiration are reviewed as well as the consequences of oxygen deficiency on roots and shoots functioning. This study would not be complete without some information on the main mechanisms of plant adaptation to oxygen deficiency.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Albrecht G, Kammerer S, Praznik W and Wiedenroth E M 1993 Fructan content of wheat seedling (Triticum aestivum L.) under hypoxia and following re-aeration. New Phytol. 123, 471–476.
Ashraf M and Mehmmod S 1990 Effect of waterloging on growth and some parameters of 4 Brassica species. Plant and Soil 121, 203–209.
Barta A L 1984 Ethanol synthesis and loss from roots of Medicago sativa L. and Lotus corniculatis L. Plant Cell. Environ. 9, 127–131.
Berry L J and Norris W E 1949 Studies on onion respiration. I velocity of oxygen consumption in different segments of at different temperatures as a function of partial pressure of oxygen. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 3, 593–606.
Bertoni G, Silvestre J, Llorens J M, Morard P and Maertens C 1993 Effect of a transient anoxia on potassium uptake in cucumber. In Optimization of Plant Nutrition. Eds. MFragoso and MVanBeusichem. pp 203–206. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
Boisseau Y, Maertens C and Morard P 1988 Influence de la température sur la respiration du blé. 7th Colloquium International Association Optimization Plant Nutrition, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Bolton E F and Erickson A E 1970 Ethanol concentration in tomato plants during soil flooding. Agron. J. 62, 220–224.
Bousqué I 1992 Les mécanismes et les conséquences de l'asphyxie racinaire. Perspec. Agric. 175, 116–122.
Bousqué I, Morard P, Silvestre J and Maertens C 1992 Influence de l'hypoxie sur l'absorption minérale et la croissance du blé. C.R. Acad. Agric. Fr. 78, 81–92.
Bradford K J 1983a Effect of soil flooding on leaf gas exchange of tomato plants. Plant Physiol. 73, 475–479.
Bradford K J 1983b Involvement of plant growth substances in the alteration of leaf gas exchanges of flooded tomato plants. Plant Physiol. 73, 480–483.
Bradford K J and Hsiao T C 1982 Stomatal behavior and water relations of waterlogged tomato plants. Plant Physiol. 70, 1508–1513.
Buwalda F, Thomson C J, Steiner W, Barret-Lennard E G Gibbs J and Greenway H 1988 Hypoxia induces membrane depolarization and potassium loss from wheat roots, but does not increase their permeaability to sorbitol. J. Exp. Bot. 39, 1169–1183.
Cannell R Q and Belford R K 1980 Effect of waterlogging at different stages of development on the growth and yield of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). J. Sci. Food Agric. 31, 963–965.
Cannell R Q, Belford R K, Blackwell P S, Govi G and Thomson R J 1985 Effects of waterlogging on soil aeration and on root and shoot growth and yield of winter oats (Avena sativa L.). Plant and Soil 85, 361–373.
Cernohorska J, Dvorak M and Wiedenroth E M 1989 Electrical conductivity and capacitance of root tissues in different conditions of energetic metaholism. In Structural and Functional Aspects of Transport in Roots. Eds. B CLoughman, OGasparikova and JKolek. pp 93–95. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, the Netherlands.
Chang L A, and Hammet L K 1982 Ethanol, alcohol dehydrogenase and pyruvate decarboxylase in storage roots of four potato cultivars. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 107, 674–677.
Chang H T and Loomis W E 1945 Effect of carbon dioxide on absorption of water and nutrients by roots. Plant Physiol. 20, 221–232.
Chang L A, Hammet L K and Pharr D M 1983 Internal gas atmosphere, ethanol leakage of electrolytes from a flood tolerant and flood suceptible sweet potato cultivar as influenced by anaerobiosis. Can. J. Bot. 61, 3399–3404.
Cheeseman J and Hanson J B 1979 Energy-linked potassium influx as related to cell potential in corn roots. Plant Physiol. 64, 842–845.
Crawford R M M and Bains M A 1977 Tolerance of anoxia and the metabolism of ethanol in tree root. New Phytol. 79, 519–526.
Davies W J and Zhang J 1991 Root signals and the regulation of growth and development of plants in drying soil. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 42, 55–76.
Drew M C and Lynch J M 1980 Soil anerobiosis microorganisms and root function. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 18, 37–66.
Drew M C 1983 Plant injury and adaptation to oxygen deficiency in the root environment: review. Plant and Soil 75, 179–199.
Duthion C 1976 Variation des teneurs en acides organiques de racines de plantes soumises à un excès d'eau. Ann. Agron. 27, 207–220.
Duthion C and Mingeau M 1976 Les réactions des plantes aux exès d'eau et leurs conséquences. Ann. Agron. 27, 221–246.
Garcia-Novo F and Crawford R M M 1973 Soil aeration, nitrate reduction on flooding tolerance in higher plants. New Phytol. 72, 1031–1039.
Glinski J and Stepniewski W 1985 Soil air and plant response. In Soil Aeration and its Role for Plants. pp 146–149. CRC press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, USA
Guyot C and Prioul J L 1985a Correction par la fertilisation minérale des effets de l'ennoyage sur le blé d'hiver. I: Expérimentation sur sol. Agronomie 5, 743–750.
Guyot C and Prioul J L 1985b Correction par la fertilisation minérale des effets de l'ennoyage sur le blé d'hiver. II: Expérimentation en culture aéroponique. Agronomie 5, 751–759.
Harris D G and vanBavel C H M 1957 Growth, yield and water absorption of tobacco plants as affected by the composition of the root atmosphere. Agron. J. 49, 11–14.
Hiatt A J and Lowe R H 1967 Loss of organic acids, amino acids, K and Cl from barley roots treated anaerobically and with metabolic inhibitors. Plant Physiol. 42, 1731–1736.
Hopkins H T 1956 Absorption of ionic species of orthophosphate by barley roots. Effects, of 2.4 dinitrophenol and oxygen tension. Plant Physiol. 31, 155–161.
Jackson M B and Hall K C 1987 Early stomatal closure in waterlogged pea plants is mediated by abcissic acid in the absence of foliar water deficits. Plant Cell. Environ. 10, 121–130.
Jensen C R, Luxmoore R J, Gundy S D and Stolzy L H 1969 Root air space measurement by a pycnometre method. Agron. J. 61, 474–475.
Kawase M 1978 Anaerobic elevation of ethylene concentration in waterlogged plants. Am. Amel. Plant 14, 101–130.
Laan P, Berrevoets M J, Lythe S, Armstrong W and Blom C W 1989 Root morphology and aerenchyma formation as indicators for the flood-tolerance of Rumex species. J. Ecol. 77, 693–703.
Laan P, Tosserams M, Blom C W and Veen B W 1990 Internal oxygen transport in Rumex species and its significance or respiration under hypoxic conditions. Plant and Soil 122, 39–46.
Lambers H 1976 Respiration and NADH oxidation of the root of flood-intolerant Senecio species as affected by anaerobiosis. Plant Physiol. 37, 117–122.
Lesaint C, Grandjean M and Gambier J 1983 Influence de l'aération du milieu nutritif sur l'absorption de l'eau et des ions, la nuit et le jour. Comparaison du maîs et de la tomate. C. R. Acad. Agric. Fr. 6, 339–406.
Letey J, Lunt O R, Stolzy L N and Szuskiewiez T E 1961 Plant growth, water use and nutritional response to rhizosphere differentials of oxygen concentration. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 25, 183–186.
Marschner H 1990 Waterlogged and flooded soils. In Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. pp 498–509. Academic Press London, UK.
Mingeau M 1977 Porosité racinaire et tolérance. Ann. Agron. 28, 171–183.
Morard P 1995 Les cultures végétales hors sol. Publications Agricoles, Agen, Fr. 303 p.
Morard P, Maertens C, Bertoni G and Boisseau Y 1990 Influence de la respiration des racines sur l'absorption du potassium et des nitrates chez le blé. C. R. Acad. Sci. Fr. 311, 103–108.
Perata P and Alpi A 1991 Ethanol induced injuries to carrot cells. The role of acetaldeyde. Plant Physiol. 95, 748–752.
Rao K P and Rains D W 1976 Nitrate absorption by barley. I: Kinetics and energetics. Plant Physiol. 57, 55–58.
Roberts J K M, Andrade F H and Anderson I C 1985 Further evidence that cytoplasmic acidosis is a determinant of flooding intolerance in plants. Plant Physiol. 77, 492–494.
Saglio P, Raymond P and Pradet A 1980 Metabolic activity and energy charge of excised maize root tip under anoxia. Plant Physiol. 66, 1053–1057.
Shan Sei Fan 1993 Contribution à l'étude de la physiologie de la violette de Toulouse. Thèse doctorat, INP Toulouse, France. 193 p.
Schapira A 1983 Relations entre la respiration racinaire, l'absorption et l'alimentation mintérale chez le concombre et la tomate. Thèse de doctorat, INP Toulouse, France. 115 p.
Schapira A, Morard P and Maertens C 1990 Echanges gazeux racinaires du concombre et de la tomate en culture hydroponique. C. R. Acad. Agric. Fr. 76, 59–66.
Setter T L, William A B and Brenner M L 1980 Effect of obstructed translocation on leaf abscissic acid, and associated stomtal closure and photosynthesis decline. Plant Physiol. 65, 1111–1115.
Silvestre J 1992 Etude des conséquences de l'asphyxie racinaire sur la croissance et le développement du colza d'hiver. Thèse doctorat, INP Toulouse, France. 87 p.
Silvestre J and Morard P 1994 Comportement du colza d'hiver en conditions d'hypoxie temporaire. C. R. Acad. Agric. Fr. 80, 145–156.
Steiner A 1985 The history of mineral plant nutrition till about 1860 as source of the origin of soilless culture methods. Soilless Culture 1, 7–27.
Thomson C J and Greenway H 1991 Metabolic evidence for stelar anoxia in maize roots exposed to low O2 concentrations. Plant Physiol. 96, 1294–1301.
Tret'yakov N N, Karnaukhova T V and Garkavenkova A F 1990 Respiratory rate of alfalfa and corn plants under increasing hypoxia. Sov. Plant Physiol. (USA) 37, 58–65.
Trought M C T and Drew M C 1980 The development of water damage in wheat seedlings (Triticum aestivum L.). II Accumulation and redistribution of nutrients by the shoot. Plant and Soil 56, 187–199.
Veen B W 1977 The uptake of potassium, nitrate and oxygen by a maize root system in relation?. J. Exp. Bot. 28, 1389–1398.
Veen B W 1989 Influence of oxygen deficiency on growth and function of plant root. In Structural and Functional Aspects of Transport in Roots. Eds. B CLoughman OGasparikova and JKolek. pp 223–230. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, the Netherlands.
Voesenek L A C J, Blom C W P M and Powel R H N 1989 Root and shoot development of Rumex sp. under waterlogged conditions. Can. J. Bot. 67, 1868–1869.
Yu P T, Stolzy L H and Letey J 1969 Survival of plants under prolonged flooded conditions. Agronomy 61, 844–847.
Zakrzhevskii D A and Ladygina O N 1989 Effect of hypoxia on functional activity of pea and soybean leaves. Sov. Plant Physiol. (USA) 36, 465–471.
Zhang Q, Läuchli A and Greenway H 1992 Effect of anoxia on solute loss from beet root storage tissues. J. Exp. Bot. 43, 897–907.
Zhang W H and Tyerman S D 1991 Effect of low O2 concentration and azide on hydraulic conductivity and osmotic volume of the cortical cells of wheat roots. Aust. J. Plant. Physiol. 18, 603–613.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Morard, P., Silvestre, J. Plant injury due to oxygen deficiency in the root environment of soilless culture: A review. Plant Soil 184, 243–254 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00010453
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00010453