Abstract
Experimental measurements of phosphorus (P) uptake and the forms of soil P depleted from an Ultisol by 6 upland rice cultivars are reported. In both P-fertilized and-unfertilized soil, the majority of P taken up was solubilized from a 0.1 M NaOH-soluble pool by root-induced changes. The soil pH within 4 mm of the roots was lowered by up to 0.5 units (from 4.6), but this by itself could not account for the P solubilized, and nor could increased phosphatase activity near the roots. The possible role of root-released low molecular weight organic acid anions in P solubilization is discussed. No significant differences in the extent of solubilization by a given root mass could be detected between cultivars. In P-unfertilized soil, but not in P-fertilized soil, there were significant differences between cultivars in ‘internal’ P efficiency as measured by shoot dry weight per unit total plant P. In unfertilized soil, root growth and P uptake were strongly correlated with the P content of the seeds from which the plants were grown.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Bolland M D A and Paynter B H 1990 Increasing phosphorus concentration in seed of annual pasture legume species increases herbage and seed yields. Plant and Soil 125, 197–205.
Burns R G 1978 Soil Enzymes. Academic Press, London. 380p.
Chang S C and Juo S R 1963 Available phosphorus in relation to forms of phosphate in soil. Soil Sci. 95, 91–95.
Fageria N K, Wright R J and Baligar V C 1988 Rice cultivar-evaluation for phosphorus use efficiency. Plant and Soil 111, 105–109.
Hedley M J, White R E and Nye P H 1982 Plant-induced changes in the rhizosphere of rape (Brassica napus var. Emerald) seedlings, III: Changes in L value, soil phosphate fractions and phosphatase activity. New Phytol. 91, 45–56.
IRRI 1993 Rice Almanac. International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines. 152 p.
Kirk G J D, Hedley M J and Bouldin D R 1993 Phosphorus efficiency in upland rice cultivars. In Papers and Reports on The Management of Acid Soils (IBSRAM/ASIALAND). Network Document No. 6. pp 279–295. IBSRAM, Bangkok.
Liu Z Y, Shi W M and Fan X 1990 Rhizosphere effects of phosphorus and iron in soils. Trans. 14th Int. Cong. Soil Sci., Kyoto. Vol. 2, pp 147–153.
Nye P H 1986 Acid-base changes in the rhizosphere. In Advances in Plant Nutrition, Vol. 2. Eds P B Tinker and A Läuchli. pp 129–153. Praeger, New York.
Rubens E J 1953 Residual phosphorus of heavily fertilized acid soils. Soil Sci. 75, 59–69.
Saggar S, Hedley M J and White R E 1990 A simplified resin membrane technique for extracting phosphorus from soils. Fert. Res. 24, 173–180.
Sanchez P A 1976 Properties and Management of Soils in the Tropics. Wiley, New York. 618 p.
Saunder D H 1956 Determination of available phosphorus in tropical soils by extraction with sodium hydroxide. Soil Sci. 82, 457–463.
Williams C H 1950 Studies on soil phosphorus, III: Phosphorus fractionation as a fertility index in South Australian soils. J. Agric. Sci. 40, 257–263.
Yoshida S, Forno D A, Cock J H and Gomez K A 1976 Laboratory Manual for Physiological Studies of Rice, 3rd ed. International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hedley, M.J., Kirk, G.J.R. & Santos, M.B. Phosphorus efficiency and the forms of soil phosphorus utilized by upland rice cultivars. Plant Soil 158, 53–62 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00007917
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00007917