Abstract
To facilitate the use of wheat wild relatives in conventional breeding programs, a wheat pre-breeding activity started at ICARDA in 1994/1995 season. Preliminary results of gene introgression from wild diploid progenitors, Triticum urartu, T. baeoticum , Aegilops speltoides and Ae. tauschii and tetraploid T. dicoccoides are described. Crosses with wild diploid Triticum spp. yielded high variation in plant and spike morphology. Synthetic hexaploids were produced from crosses of a local durum wheat landrace ‘Haurani’ with two Ae. tauschii accessions. Both Ae. tauschii accessions carry hybrid necrosis alleles that gave necrotic plant phenotypes in crosses with some bread wheats. Backcross progenies with agronomical desirable traits, i.e. high spike productivity, short plant stature, earliness, drought tolerance and high productive tillering, were identified in crosses of durum wheat with wild Triticum spp. and in a cross of one of the hexaploid synthetics with a locally adapted bread wheat cv. ‘Cham 6’. Resistance to yellow rust was found in durum wheat crosses with the three wild Triticum spp. and Ae. speltoides and leaf rust resistance was identified in crosses with T. baeoticum and Ae. speltoides The results show that wheat immediate progenitors may be a valuable and readily accessible source of new genetic diversity for wheat improvement.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Dvořák, J. (1976): The relationship between the genome of Triticum urartu and the A and B genome of Triticum aestivum. Can. J. Genet. Cytol, 14, 371–377.
Dvořák, J. (1983): The origin of wheat chromosomes 4A and 4B and their genome allocation. Can. J. Genet. Cytol, 25, 210–214.
FAO (1996): The state of the world’s plant genetic resources for food and agriculture. FAO, Rome.
Feldman, M., Sears, E.R. (1981): The wild gene resources of wheat. Scientific Amer, 244, 102–112.
Harlan. J., de Wet, J.M.J. (1971): Towards a rational classification of cultivated plants. Taxon, 20, 509–517.
Jauhar, P.P. (1993): Alien gene transfer and genetic enrichment of bread wheat. In: Damania, A.B. (ed.), Biodiversity and wheat improvement. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, UK, 103–119.
Kihara, H. (1924): Cytologische and genetische Studien bei wichtigen Getreidearten mit besonderer Rucksicht auf das Verhalten der Chromosomen and die Sterilität in den Bastarden. Mem. Coll. Sci. Univ. Kyoto, Ser. B 1: 1–200 (in German).
Kihara, H. (1944): Die Entdeckung der DD-Analysatoren beim Weizen. Agric. Hort. (Tokyo), 19, 889–890 (in German).
Kimber, G. (1993); Genomic relationships in Triticum and the availability of alien germplasm. In: Damania, A.B. (ed.), Biodiversity and Wheat Improvement. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, UK, 9–16.
Kimber, G., Feldman, M. (1987): Wild wheat. An introduction. Special Report 353
College of Agriculture, University of Missouri — Colombia, 129–131.
Kronstad, W.E. (1998): Agricultural development and wheat breeding in the 20th
century. In: Braun, H.-J. et al. (eds), Wheat: Prospect for Global Improvement Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrech/Boston/London, 1–10.
May, C.E., Lagudah, E.S. (1992): Inheritance in hexaploid wheat of Septoria tritici blotch resistance and other characteristics derived from Triticum tauschii. Austr. J. Agric. Res, 43, 433–442.
Mujeeb-Kazi, A. (1998): Evolutionary relationships and gene transfer in the Triticeae. In: Jaradat, A.A. (ed.), Triticeae III, Science Publishers, Enfield, NH, 59–65.
Mujeeb-Kazi, A., Gilchrist, L.I., Fuentes-Davila, G., Delgado, R. (1998): Production and utilization of D genome synthetic hexaploids in wheat improvement. In: Jaradat, A.A. (ed.), Triticeae III, Science Publishers, Enfield, NH, 369–374.
Nevo, E. (1995): Genetic resources of wild emmer, Triticum dicoccoides, for wheat improvement: news and views. In: Li, Z.S., Xin, Z.Y., Proceedings of the Eight International Wheat Genetics Symposium, Vol. 1, 79–87.
Riley, R., Unrau, J., Chapman, V. (1958): Evidence in the origin of the B genome of wheat. J. Hered, 49, 91–98.
Sharma. H.C., Gill, B.S. (1983): Current status of wide hybridization in wheat. Euphytica, 32, 17–31.
The, T.T., Baker, E.P. (1975): Basic studies relating to the transference of genetic characters from Triticum monococcum L. to hexaploid wheat. Austr. J. Biol. Sci, 28, 189–199.
Valkoun, J., Kucerovâ, D. Bartos, P. (1986): Transfer of leaf rust resistance from Triticum monococcum L. to hexaploid wheat. Z. Pfanzenzzichtg, 96, 271–278.
Vardi, A., Zohary, D. (1967): Introgression in wheat via triploid hybrids. Heredity, 22, 541–560.
Zohary, D., Hopf, M. (1993): Domestication of plants in the Old World: the origin and spread of cultivated plants in West Asia, Europe, and the Nile Valley, 2“d edition. Clarendon Press, Oxford, UK.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2001 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Valkoun, J. (2001). Wheat Pre-Breeding Using Wild Progenitors. In: Bedö, Z., Láng, L. (eds) Wheat in a Global Environment. Developments in Plant Breeding, vol 9. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3674-9_94
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3674-9_94
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-90-481-5618-4
Online ISBN: 978-94-017-3674-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive