Abstract
Biotechnology, despite increasing risk-assessments and legislative limitations, is increasing in the industrial forest sector. Genetic modification in forest trees and woody species offers a potential for development since conventional breeding, perhaps more so than in any other group of agricultural plants, takes a hefty period of time to improve any trait. At present over 116 GM tree trials around the world are under way (Owusu 1999), having greatly increased since 1995, primarily under the auspices of government and academia in the US and EU, but primarily undertaken by the private sector in Latin America, Africa and SE-Asia. Commercial GM plantations are already underway in Indonesia, Chile, Brazil and possible China. Tree and other woody species are important sources for timber, resins, fruits, secondary metabolites and essential oils, and have numerous cultural and ornamental values. Others, like cassava, are in the ranks of rice and potatoes as a staple food crop for millions worldwide. Trees have also been identified as being important in the fight against erosion, pollution and global warming.
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Nhut, D.T., Teixeira da Silva, J.A., Thorpe, T., Van Le, B., Van, K.T.T. (2003). Woody Plant Micropropagation and Morphogenesis by Thin Cell Layers. In: Nhut, D.T., Van Le, B., Tran Thanh Van, K., Thorpe, T. (eds) Thin Cell Layer Culture System: Regeneration and Transformation Applications. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3522-3_13
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