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Acclimation of Photosynthesis to the Environment

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Concepts in Photobiology

Summary

Photosynthesis occurs via the same basic mechanism across plant species. However, in response to the wide variety of environmental conditions under which plants grow, emphasis can be placed on one component process or another, for instance light gathering in shaded environments or electron transport and Calvin cycle activity in full sun-exposed environments. Additionally, the capacity for photosynthesis appears to be closely regulated such that it is balanced with the requirement for photosynthate on a whole plant level.

Recent research has established the importance of photoprotective processes that minimize photooxidative damage that could potentially result from the absorption of excess light. One such photoprotective process, xanthophyll cycle-dependent thermal energy dissipation, leads to the removal of absorbed light energy from the light harvesting antennae before it reaches the reaction centers and, in doing so, minimizes the formation of singlet oxygen and protects against the over-reduction of the photosynthetic electron transport chain. This process is engaged in response to environmental stresses and is capable of operating over many different time scales. Plants also possess an integrated array of antioxidants, both enzymatic and non-enzymatic, that act to detoxify reactive oxygen species and other free radicals before they damage cellular constituents. The capacity of these antioxidant systems also acclimates to the environment and is higher under conditions where enhanced oxidative stress might be expected.

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  1. Department of Environmental, Population, and Organismic Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, 80309-0334, USA

    Barry A. Logan, Barbara Demmig-Adams & William W. Adams III

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  1. School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India

    G. S. Singhal

  2. Technische Universität, Berlin, Germany

    G. Renger  & K.-D. Irrgang  & 

  3. International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India

    S. K. Sopory

  4. University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA

    Govindjee

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Logan, B.A., Demmig-Adams, B., Adams, W.W. (1999). Acclimation of Photosynthesis to the Environment. In: Singhal, G.S., Renger, G., Sopory, S.K., Irrgang, KD., Govindjee (eds) Concepts in Photobiology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4832-0_15

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