Abstract
Mass spectrometers have played a major role in the exploration of our planetary system by robotic spacecraft. The chemical and isotopic data from this technique provides constraints on models that address fundamental questions of Solar System formation and evolution. Applications have included probes into the atmospheres of Mars, Venus, and Jupiter, the search for organic molecules on Mars, the detection of complex molecules at Comet Halley, and a 14-year study of the upper atmosphere of Venus. Mass spectrometry is expected to continue to make a major contribution through a number of experiments presently on route to their destinations or under development for use at Mars, the Saturnian system, and several comets. These experiments will enable an even more detailed insitu study of various objects in the solar system. The range of gas densities and chemical conditions encountered in the studies described dictates the use of a variety of instrument types and sampling strategies We review the design of past and future experiments, the special configurations required for the unusual environments encountered, and the specialized laboratory test and calibration requirements. An overview of the results from several of these experiments is given and a more detailed description of the recent investigation by the Galileo Probe Mass Spectrometer Experiment of the atmosphere of Jupiter.
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Mahaffy, P. (1999). Mass Spectrometers Developed for Planetary Missions. In: Ehrenfreund, P., Krafft, C., Kochan, H., Pirronello, V. (eds) Laboratory Astrophysics and Space Research. Astrophysics and Space Science Library, vol 236. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4728-6_13
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