Skip to main content

Reducing Violence Risk

Diagnostically Based Clues from the MacArthur Violence Risk Assessment Study

  • Chapter
Violence among the Mentally III

Part of the book series: NATO Science Series ((ASID,volume 90))

Abstract

A great deal of work in mental health law has been addressed to improving the assessment of violence risk among people with mental disorder (Borum, 1996; Monahan et al., in press; Steadman et al., in press). It is clear, however, as a number of researchers have recently emphasized, that risk assessment is only the first step in dealing with violence by people with mental disorder and must be followed by effective risk reduction (Carson, 1994; Heilbrun, 1997). The clinical and empirical literatures on risk reduction have been reviewed in a number of important sources (Eichelman & Hartwig, 1995; McNiel, 1998; Quinsey, Harris, Rice, & Cormier, 1998; Rice & Harris, 1997; Roth, 1987; Wettstein, 1998). A fair summary of that literature is that mental health professionals (particularly when assisted by actuarial instruments) appear to be better at estimating an individual’s level of violence risk than lowering that estimated level of violence risk.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington: American Psychiatric Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Appelbaum, P., Robbins, P., & Monahan, J. (in press). Violence and delusions: Data from the MacArthur Violence Risk Assessment Study. American Journal of Psychiatry.

    Google Scholar 

  • Borum, R. (1996). Improving the clinical practice of violence risk assessment: Technology, guidelines, and training. American Psychologist, 51, 945–956.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carson, D. (1994). Dangerous people: Through a broader conception of “risk” and “danger” to better decisions. Expert Evidence, 3, 51–69.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chemtob, C., Novaco, R., Hamada, R., & Gross, D. (1997). Cognitive-behavioral treatment for severe anger in posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65, 184–189.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Coid, J. (1998). The management of dangerous psychopaths in prison. In T. Millon, E. Simonsen, M. Birket-Smith, & R. Davis (Eds.), Psychopathy: Antisocial, criminal, and violent behavior (pp. 431–457). New York: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Drake, R., Mercer-McFadden, C., Mueser, K., McHugo, G., & Bond, G. (1998). Review of integrated mental health and substance abuse treatment for patients with dual disorders. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 24, 589–608.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eichelman, B., & Hartwig, A. (Eds.). (1995). Patient violence and the clinician. Washington: American Psychiatric Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Estroff, S., & Zimmer, C. (1994) Social networks, social support, and violence among persons with severe, persistent mental illness. In J. Monahan & H. Steadman (Eds.), Violence and mental disorder: Developments in risk assessment (pp. 259–295). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gardner, W., Lidz, C., Mulvey, E., & Shaw, E. (1996). A comparison of actuarial methods for identifying repetitively violent patients with mental illness. Law and Human Behavior, 20, 35–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grisso, T., Davis, J., Vesselinov, R., Appelbaum, P., & Monahan, J. (in press). Violent thoughts and violent behavior following hospitalization for mental disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harlow, C. (1999). Prior abuse reported by inmates and probationers. Washington: Bureau of Justice Statistics Selected Findings (NCJ 172879).

    Google Scholar 

  • Harris, G., Rice, M., & Quinsey, V. (1993) Violent recidivism of mentally disordered offenders: The development of a statistical prediction instrument. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 20, 315–335.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heilbrun, K. (1997). Prediction versus management models relevant to risk assessment: The importance of legal decision-making context. Law and Human Behavior, 21, 347–359.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Janca, A., & Heizer, J. (1990). DSM-III-R criteria checklist. DIS Newsletter, 7, 17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kraemer, H., Kazdin, A., Offord, D., Kessler, R., Jensen, P., & Kupfer, D. (1997). Coming to terms with the terms of risk. Archives of General Psychiatry, 54, 337–343.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Link, B., Monahan, J., Stueve, A., & Cullen, F.(1999). Real in their consequences: A sociological approach to understanding the association between psychotic symptoms and violence. American Sociological Review. 64, 316–332.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Link, B., & Stueve, A. (1994). Psychotic symptoms and the violent/illegal behavior of mental patients compared to community controls. In J. Monahan & H. Steadman (Eds.), Violence and mental disorder: Developments in risk assessment (pp. 137–159). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • McHugo, G., Drake, R., Teague, G., & Xie, H. (1999). Fidelity to assertive community treatment and client outcomes in the New Hampshire dual disorders study. Psychiatric Services, 50, 818–824.

    Google Scholar 

  • McNiel, D. (1998). Empirically based clinical evaluation and management of the potentially violent individual. In P. Kleespies (Ed.), Emergencies in mental health practice: Evaluation and management (pp. 95–116). New York: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Monahan, J., Steadman, H., Appelbaum, P., Robbins, P., Mulvey, E., Silver, E., Roth, L., & Grisso, T. (in press). Developing a clinically useful actuarial tool for assessing violence risk. British Journal of Psychiatry.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mulvey, E., & Lidz, C. (1988). What clinicians talk about when assessing dangerousness. Paper presented at the biennial meeting of the American Psychology-Law Society, Miami, FL.

    Google Scholar 

  • Novaco, R. (1997). Remediating anger and aggression with violent offenders. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 2, 77–88.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Novaco, R., & Chemtob, C. (1998). Anger and trauma: Conceptualization, assessment, and treatment. In V. Follette, J. Ruzek, & F. Abueg (Eds.), Cognitive-behavioral therapies for trauma. New York: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Novaco, R.W. (1994). Anger as a risk factor for violence among the mentally disordered. In J. Monahan & H. Steadman (Eds.), Violence and mental disorder: Developments in risk assessment (pp. 21–59). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Quinsey, V., Harris, G., Rice, M., & Cormier, C. (1998). Violent offenders: Appraising and managing risk. Washington: American Psychological Association.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Renwick, S., Black, L., Ramm, M., & Novaco, R. (1997). Anger treatment with forensic hospital patients. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 2, 103–116.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rice, M., & Harris, G. (1997). The treatment of mentally disordered offenders. Psychology,Public Policy, and Law, 3, 126–183.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roth, L. (Ed.) (1987). Clinical treatment of the violent person. New York: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Silver, E., Mulvey, E., & Monahan, J. (1999). Assessing violence risk among discharged psy-chiatric patients: Toward an ecological approach. Law and Human Behavior, 23, 235–253.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steadman, H., Monahan, J., Appelbaum, P., Grisso, T., Mulvey, E., Roth, L., Robbins, P., & Klassen, D. (1994). Designing a new generation of risk assessment research. In J. Monahan & H. Steadman (Eds.), Violence and mental disorder: Developments in risk assessment (pp. 297–318). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Steadman, H., Mulvey, E., Monahan, J., Robbins, P., Appelbaum, P., Grisso, T., Roth, L., & Silver, E. (1998). Violence by people discharged from acute psychiatric inpatient facilities and by others in the same neighborhoods. Archives of General Psychiatry, 55, 1–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steadman, H., Silver, E., Monahan, J., Appelbaum, P., Robbins, P., Mulvey, E., Grisso, T., Roth, L., & Banks, S. (2000). A classification tree approach to the development of actuarial violence risk assessment tools. Law and Human Behavior, 24, 83–100.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wallace, C., Mullen, P., Burgess, P., Palmer, S., Ruschena, D., & Browne, C. (1998). Serious criminal offending and mental disorder: Case linkage study. British Journal of Psychiatry, 172, 477–484.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wettstein, R. (Ed). (1998). Treatment of offenders with mental disorders. New York: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Widom, C. (1989). The cycle of violence. Science, 244, 160–166.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2000 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Monahan, J., Appelbaum, P.S. (2000). Reducing Violence Risk. In: Hodgins, S. (eds) Violence among the Mentally III. NATO Science Series, vol 90. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4130-7_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4130-7_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-6438-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-4130-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics