Abstract
This chapter considers feeding mechanisms, diet and trophic efficiencies in tilapias. It is intended to complement Chapter 5, which examines the role of tilapias in ecosystems, and Chapter 9, which is concerned with nutritional requirements and feeds.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aerts, P.F., De Vree, F. and Vandewalle, P. (1986) Movement analysis of the pharyngeal jaw apparatus in Oreochromis niloticus. Ann. Mus. Roy. Afr. Centr. Sc. Zool. 251, 157–160.
Akintunde, E.A. (1982) Feeding rhythm in relation to changing pattern of pH in the gut of Sarotherodon galilaeus (Artedi) of Lake Kainji, Nigeria. Hydmbiologia 97, 179–184.
Arthrington, A.H. and Bluhdorn, D.R. (1994) Distribution, genetics, ecology and status of the introduced cichlid Oreochromis mossambicus in Australia. Mitt Internat. Verein. Limnol. 24, 53–62.
Balarin, J.D. and Hatton, J.P. (1979) Tilapia. A Guide to Their Biology and Culture in Africa, Unit of Aquatic Pathobiology, University of Stirling.
Bassay, B.M., Makumyaviri, A.M. and Otikeke, L.S. (1997) Diet evolution in Tilapia rendalli kept in heterogesous breeding system in Lubumbashi, Congo. Rev. Méd. Vét. 148, 805–807.
Beveridge, M.C.M., Briggs, M.R.P., Northcott, M.E. and Ross, L.G. (1988a) The occurrence, structure and development of microbranchiospines among the tilapias. Can. J. Zool. 66, 2564–2572.
Beveridge, M.C.M., Briggs, M.R.P., Mowat, A., Northcott, M.E. and Ross, L.G. (1988b) The function of microbranchiospines in tilapias, in Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Tilapias in Aquaculture (1CLARM Con/. Proc, Vol. 15) (eds R.S.V. Pullin, T. Bhukaswan, K. Tonguthai and J.L Maclean), ICLARM, Manila, pp. 311–317.
Beveridge, M.C.M., Begum, M., Frerichs, G.N. and Millar, S. (1989) The ingestion of bacteria in suspension by the tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Aquaculture 81, 373–378.
Beveridge, M.C.M., Baird, D.J., Rahmatullah, S.M., Beattie, K.A. and Codd, G.A. (1993) Grazing rates on toxic and non-toxic cyanobacteria by Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Oreochromis niloticus. J. Fish Biol. 43, 901–907.
Beveridge, M.C.M., Verdegem, M., Wahab, Md. A., Keshavanath, P. and Baird, D.J. (1998) Periphyton-based aquaculture and the EC-funded PAISA Project. Naga, the ICLARMQ. 21(4), 49–50.
Bitterlich, G. (1985) The nutrition of a stomachless phytoplanktivorous fish in comparison with Tilapia. Hydmbiologia 121, 173–179.
Bowen, S.H. (1976) Mechanism for digestion of detrital bacteria by the cichlid fish Sarotherodon mossambicus (Peters). Nature (London) 260, 137–138.
Bowen, S.H. (1979) A nutritional constraint in detritivory by fishes. The stunted population of Sarotherodon mossambicus in Lake Sibala South Africa. Ecological Monographs 49, 17–31.
Bowen, S.H. (1980) Detrital non-protein amino acids are the key to rapid growth of tilapia in Lake Valencia, Venezuela. Science 207, 1216–1218.
Bowen, S.H. (1981) Digestion and assimilation of periphytic detrital aggregate by Tilapia mossambica. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 110, 241–247.
Bowen, S.H. (1982) Feeding, digestion and growth-qualitative considerations, in The Biology and Culture of Tilapias (ICLARM Conference Proceedings, Vol. 7) (eds R.S.V. Pullin and R.H. Lowe-McConnell), ICLARM, Manila, pp. 141–156.
Bowen, S.H., Lutz, E.V., Ahlgren, M.O. (1995) Dietary protein and energy as determinants of food quality: trophic strategies compared. Ecology 76, 899–907.
Buddington, R.K. (1979) Digestion of an aquatic macrophyte by Tilapia zillii. J. Fish Biol. 15, 449–456.
Buddington, R.K. (1987) Does the natural diet influence the intestine’s ability to regulate glucose absorbtion?. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 157B, 677–688.
Caceci, T., El-Habback, H.A., Smith, S.A. and Smith, B.J. (1998) The stomach of Oreochromis niloticus has three regions. J Fish Biol. 50, 939–952.
Campbell, K.L.I. (1981) Fishes of the genus Sarotherodon (Pices, Cichlidae) of springs along the northern Haso Ngiro, Kenya. J East Afr. Nat. Hist. Soc. Nat. Mus. 173, 1–12.
Cataldi, E., Crosetti, D., Conte, G., D’Ovido, D. and Cataudella, S. (1988) Morphological changes in the oesophageal epitheleum during adaptations to salinities in Oreochromis mossambicus, O. niloticus and their hybrid. J Fish Biol. 32, 191–196.
Caulton, M.S. (1976) The importance of pre-digestive food preparation to Tilapia rendalli Boulanger when feeding on aquatic macrophytes. Trans. Rhod. Sci. Assoc. 57, 22–28.
Caulton, M.S. (1977) A quantitative assessment of the daily ingestion of Panicum repens L. by Tilapia rendalli Boulenger (Cichlidae) in Lake Kariba. Trans. Rhod. Sei. Assoc. 58(6), 38–42.
Caulton, M.S. (1978) Tissue depletion and energy utilization during routine metabolism by sub-adult Tilapia rendalli Boulenger. J Fish. Biol. 13, 1–6.
Caulton, M.S. (1982) Feeding, metabolism and growth of tilapias: some quantitative considerations, in The Biology and Culture of Tilapias (ICLARM Conference Proceedings, Vol. 7) (eds R.S.V. Pullin and R.H. Lowe-McConnell), ICLARM, Manila, pp. 157–180.
Chang, M.H. and Lin, J.F. (1992) Gastric histological structure and localization of carbonic anhydrase of tilapia. J Ch. Soc. Vet. Sci. 18, 243–253.
Dempster, P.W., Beveridge, M.C.M. and Baird, D.J. (1993) Herbivory in the tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.): a comparison of feeding rates on periphyton and phytoplankton. J Fish Biol. 43, 385–392.
Dempster, P., Baird, D.J. and Beveridge, M.C.M. (1995) Can fish survive by filter-feeding on microparticles? Energy balance in tilapia grazing on algal suspensions. J Fish Biol. 47, 7–17.
Denny, P., Bowker, D.W. and Bailey, R.G. (1978) The importance oflittoral epiphyton as food for commercial fish in the recent African man-made lake Nyumba ya Mungu reservoir, Tanzania. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 10, 139–150.
De Silva, S.S. and Owoyemi, A.A. (1983) Effect of dietary quality on the gastric evacuation and intestinal passage in Sarothemdon mossambicus (Peters) fry. J. Fish Biol. 23, 347–355.
De Silva, S.S. Perera, M.K. and Maitipe, P. (1984) The composition, nutritional status and digestibility of the diets of Sarothemdon mossambicus from nine man-made lakes in Sri Lanka. Env. Biol. Fishes 11, 205–219.
Drenner, R.W., Taylor, S., Lazzaro, X. and Kettle, D. (1984) Particle grazing and plankton community impact of an omnivorous cichlid. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 113, 397–402.
Drenner, R.W., Vinyard, G.L., Hambright, K.D. and Gophen, M. (1987) Particle ingestion by Tilapia galilaea is not affected by removal of gill rakers and microbran-chiospines. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 116, 272–276.
Fish, G.R. (1951) Digestion in Tilapia esculenta. Nature (London) 167, 900–901.
Fish, G.R. (1955) The food ofTilapia in East Africa. Uganda J. 19, 85–89.
Fish, G.R. (1960) The comparative activity of some digestive enzymes in the alimentary canal of tilapia and perch. Hydrobiologia 15, 151–178.
Frierson, E.W. and Foltz, J.W. (1992) Comparison and estimation of absorbtive intestinal surface areas in two species of cichlid fish. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 121, 517–523.
Fryer, G. and Iles, T.D. (1972) The Cichlid Fishes of the Great Lakes of Africa: Their Biology and Evolution, Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh.
Gargiulo, A.M., Dall’Aglio, C, Tsoku, Z., Ceccarelli, P. and Pedini, V. (1996a) Morphology and histology of the oesophagus in a warmwater tilapiine fish (Teleostei). J. Appl. Ichthyol. 12, 121–124.
Gargiulo, A.M., Ceccarelli, P., Dall’Aglio, C. and Pedini, V. (1996b) Ultrastructural study on the stomach ofTilapia spp (Teleostei). Anat. Histol. Embryol. 26, 331–336.
Gargiulo, A.M., Ceccarelli, P., Dall’Aglio, C. and Pedini, V. (1998) Histology and ultrastructure of the gut of the tilapia (Tilapia spp). Anat. Histol. Embyol. 27, 89–94.
Gerking, S.D. (1994) Feeding Ecology of Fish, Academic Press, London.
Getachew, T. (1987) A study on an herbivorous fish, Oreochromis niloticus L., diet and its quality in two Ethiopian Rift Valley lakes, Awasa and Zwai. J. Fish Biol. 30, 439–449.
Getachew, T. (1989) Stomach pH, feeding and ingestion rate in Oreochromis niloticus L. (Pisces: Cichlidae) in Lake Awasa, Ethiopia. Hydrobiologia 174, 43–48.
Getachew, T. (1993) The composition and nutritional status of the diet of Oreochromis niloticus in Lake Chamo, Ethiopia. J. Fish Biol. 42, 865–874.
Getachew, T. and Fernando, C.H. (1989) The food of a herbivorous fish (Oreochromis niloticus Linn.) in Lake Awasa, Ethiopia. Hydrobiologia 174, 195–200.
Golder, M.I. (1991) Influence of Cadmium on the Ingestion Rate of the Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.) Feeding on the Blue-Green Alga Microcystis aeruginosa, Unpublished MSc thesis, University of Stirling, Scotland.
Goldschmidt, T. (1996) Darwin’s Dreampond. Drama in Lake Victoria, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
Gophen, M. (1980) Food resources, feeding behaviour and growth of Sarotherodon galilaeus (Linnaeus) fingerlings. Aquaculture 20, 101–115.
Gophen, M., Drenner, R.W. and Vinyard, G.L. (1983) Cichlid stocking and the decline of the Galilee Saint Peter’s fish (Sarotherodon galilaeus) in Lake Kinneret, Israel. Can. J. Fish Aquat. Sei. 40, 983–986.
Gosse, J.P. (1956) Dispositions spéciales de l’appareil branchial des Tilapia et Citharinus. Ann. Soc. Roy. Zool. Belge. 86, 303–308.
Greenwood, P.H. (1953) Feeding mechanism of the cichlid fish Tilapia esculenta Graham. Nature (London) 172, 207–208.
Hartneil, R.M. (1996) Laboratory and Field Investigations into the Feeding Performance of the Lake Malawi Oreochromis, Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Wales.
Hodgkiss, I.J. and Man, H.S.H. (1977) Age composition, growth and body condition of the introduced Sarotherodon mossambicus (Cichlidae) in Plover Cove Reservoir, Hong Kong. Env. Biol. Fishes 2, 35–44.
Hofer, R. and Schiemer, F. (1983) Feeding ecology, assimilation efficiencies and energetics of two herbivorous fish: Sarotherodon (Tilapia) mossambicus (Peters) and Puntius filamentosus (Cuv. et Val.), in Limnology of Parakrama Samudra-Sri Lanka. (ed. F. Schiemer), Dr W. Junk, The Hague, pp. 155–164.
Horn, M.H. (1992) Herbivorous fishes: feeding and digestive mechanisms, in Plant-Animal Interactions in the Marine Benthos (Systematics Association Sped. Vol. 46) (eds D.M. John, S.J. Hawkins and J.H. Price), Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp. 339–362.
Huysseune, A. (1983) Observations on tooth development and implantation in the upper pharyngeal jaws in Astatotilapia elegans (Teleostei: Cichlidae). J. Morph. 175, 217–234.
Jauncey, K. (1998) A Guide to Tilapia Feeds and Feeding, 2nd edn, Pisces Press, Bridge of Allan, Stirling.
Kapoor, B.G., Smit, H. and Verighina, I.A. (1975) The alimentary canal and digestion in teleosts. Adv. Mar. Biol. 13, 109–239.
Keshavanath, P., Beveridge, M.C.M., Baird, D.J., Nimmo, A. and Codd, G. (1994) The functional grazing response of a phytoplanktivorous fish Oreochromis niloticus to mixtures of toxic and non-toxic strains of the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. J. Fish Biol. 45, 123–129.
Kihara, M. and Sakata, T. (1997) Fermentation of dietary carbohydrates to short-chain fatty acids by gut microbes and its influence on intestinal morphology of a detrivorous teleost Tilapia. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 118A, 1201–1207.
Konan-Brou, A.A. and Guiral, D. (1994) Available algal biomass in tropical brackish water artificial habitats. Aquaculture 119, 175–190.
Kornfield, I. (1991) Genetics, in Cichlid Fishes, Behaviour, Ecology and Evolution (ed. M.H.A. Keenleyside), Chapman and Hall, London, pp. 103–128.
Lanzing, W.J.R. and Higginbotham, D.R. (1976) Scanning microscopy of pharyngeal and oral teeth of the teleost Tilapia mossambica. Hydrobiologia 48, 137–139.
Lazzaro, X. (1987) A review of planktivorous fishes; their evolution, feeding behaviours, selectivities and impacts. Hydrobiologia 146, 97–167.
Lazzaro, X. (1991) Feeding convergence in South American and African zooplanktivorous cichlids Geophagus brasiliensis and Tilapia rendalli. Env. Biol. Fishes 31, 283–293.
Lehman, J.T. (1976) The filter-feeder as an optimal forager and the predicted shapes of feeding curves. Limnol. Ocenaogr. 21, 501–516.
Le Roux, P.J. (1956) Feeding habits of the young of four species of tilapia. South Afr. J. Sci. 53(2), 33–37.
Lever, C. (1996) Naturalised Fishes of the World, Academic Press, London.
Liem, K.F. (1991) Functional morphology, in Cichlid fishes. Behaviour, Ecology and Evolution (ed. M.H.A. Keenleyside), Chapman and Hall, London, pp. 129–150.
Liem, K.F. and Osse, J.W.M. (1975) Biological versatility, evolution and food resource exploitation in African cichlid fishes. Am. Zool. 15, 427–454.
Lowe-McConnell, R.H. (1982) Tilapias in fish communities, in The Biology and Culture of Tilapias (1CLARM Conference Proceedings, Vol. 7) (eds R.S.V. Pullin and R.H. Lowe-McConnell), ICLARM, Manila, pp. 83–114.
Lowe-McConnell, R.H. (1987) Ecological studies of Tropical Fish Communities, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
Maitipe, P. and De Silva S.S. (1985) Switches between zoophagy, phytophagy and detritivory of Sarotherodon mossambicus (Peters) populations in twelve man-made Sri ankan lakes. J. Fish Biol. 26, 49–61.
Man, H.S.H. and Hodgkiss, I.J. (1977) Studies on the ichthyofauna in Plover Cove Reservoir, Hong Kong: feeding and food relations. J. Fish Biol 11, 1–13.
Matêna, J., Simek, K. and Fernando, C.H. (1995) Ingestion of suspended bacteria by fish: a modified approach. J Fish Biol. 47, 334–336.
Mathavan, S., Vivekandan, E. and Pandian, T.J. (1976) Food utilization in the fish Tilapia mossambica fed on plant and animal foods. Helg. wiss. Meeresunters. 28, 66–70.
McDonald, M.E. (1985a) Carbon budgets for a phytoplanktivorous fish fed three different unialgal populations. Oecologia 66, 246–249.
McDonald, M.E. (1985b) Growth of a grazing phytoplanktivorous fish and growth enhancement of the grazed alga. Oecologia 67, 132–136.
McDonald, M.E. (1987) Interactions between a phytoplanktivorous fish, Oreochromis niloticus, and two unialgal forage populations. Env. Biol. Fishes 18, 229–234.
de Moor, F.C. and Scott, W.E. (1985) Digestion of Microcystis aeruginosa by Oreochromis niloticus. J. Limnol. Assoc. Sth. Afr. 11, 14–19.
de Moor, F., Wilkinson, R.C. and Herbst H.M. (1986) Food and feeding habits of Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters) in hypertrophie Hartbeespoort Dam, South Africa. South Afr. J. Zool. 21, 170–176.
Moriarty, CM. and Moriarty, D.J.W. (1973) Quantitative estimation of the daily ingestion of phytoplankton by Tilapia nilotica and Haplochromis nigripinnis in Lake George, Uganda. J Zool. (London) 171, 209–255.
Moriarty, D.J.W. and Pullin, R.S.V. (eds) (1987) Detritus and Microbial Ecology in Aquaculture (ICLARM Conference Proceedings, 14), ICLARM, Manila, Philippines.
Moriarty, D.J.W., Darlington, J.P.E.C., Dunn, I.G., Moriarty, CM. and Tevlin, M.P. (1973) Feeding and grazing in Lake George, Uganda. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. 184, 299–319.
Ndonna, C (1996) Comparisons of Ingestion Rates of Three Tilapia Species, Tilapia rendalli, Oreochromis niloticus and 0. mossambicus Feeding on Chlorella vulgaris, unpublished MSc thesis, University of Stirling, U.K.
Northcott, M.E. (1988) An Investigation of Filter-Feeding in the Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. L., unpublished PhD thesis, University of Stirling, UK.
Northcott, M.E. and Beveridge, M.C.M. (1988) The development and structure of the pharyngeal apparatus associated with filter feeding in tilapias (Oreochromis niloticus L.). J. Zool. (London) 215, 133–149.
Northcott, M.E., Beveridge, M.C.M. and Ross, L.G. (1991) A laboratory investigation of the filtration and ingestion rates of the tilapia Oreochromis niloticus feeding on two species of blue-green algae. Env. Biol. Fishes 31, 75–85.
Opiyo, S. V. and Dadzie, S. (1994) Diet and food utilization in Oreochromis esculentus (Graham) in Lake Kanyaboli, Kenya. Fish. Manage. Ecol. 1, 79–90.
Osman, A.H.K. and Caceci, T. (1991) Histology of the stomach of Tilapia nilotica (Linnaeus, 1758) from the River Nile. J Fish Biol. 38, 211–223.
Pauly, D. (1976) The biology, fishery and potential for aquaculture of Tilapia melanotheron in a small West African lagoon. Aquaculture 7, 33–49.
Rahmatullah, S.M. and Beveridge, M.C.M. (1993) The ingestion of bacteria in suspension by fry of planktivorous Indian major carps (Catla catla, Labeo rohita) and Chinese carps (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Aristichthys nobilis). Hydrobiologia 264, 79–84.
Redding, T.A. (1997) The Biology and Ecology of Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852) (Pisces: Cichlidae) in the Sepik River, Papua New Guinea-With Reference to the Management of the Fishery, unpublished PhD Thesis, University of Hull.
Ribbink, A. (1991) Distribution and ecology of the cichlids of the African Great Lakes, in Cichlid fishes. Behaviour, Ecology and Evolution (ed M.H.A. Keenleyside), Chapman and Hall, London, pp. 36–85.
Robinson, R.L., Turner, G.F., Grimm, A.S. and Pitcher, T.J. (1990) A comparison of the ingestion rates of three tilapia species fed on a small planktonic alga. J Fish Biol. 36, 269–270.
Robinson, R.L., Turner, G.F., Grimm, A.S. and Pitcher, T.J. (1995) An experimental study of phytoplankton feeding in three tilapiine cichlids. J Fish Biol. 46, 449–459.
Ross, B. and Jauncey, K. (1981) A radiographie estimation of the effect of temperature on gastric emptying time in Sarotherodon niloticus (L) × S. aureus (Steindachner) hybrids. J Fish Biol. 19, 333–344.
Ross, L.G., McKinney, R.W. and Ross, B. (1988) Energy budgets for cultured tilapias, in Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Tilapias in Aquaculture (ICLARM Conl. Proc, Vol. 15) (eds R.S.V. Pullin, T. Bhukaswan, K. Tonguthai and J.L. Maclean), ICLARM, Manila, pp. 83–89.
Sakata, T., Uno, K. and Kakimoto, D. (1984) Dominant bacteria of the aerobic microflora in Tilapia intestine. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish. 50, 489–493.
Sanderson, S.L. and Wassersug, R. (1993) Convergent and alternative designs for vertebrate suspension feeding, in The Skull, Vol. 3, Functional and Evolutionary Mechanisms (eds J. Hanken and B.K. Hall), University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp. 37–111.
Sanderson, S.L., Stebar, M.C., Ackerman, K.L., Jones, S.H., Batjakas, I.E. and Kauffman, L. (1996) Mucus entrapment of particles by a suspension-feeding tilapia (Pisces: Cichlidae). J Exp. Biol. 199, 1743–1756.
Sasagawa, I. (1997) Fine structure of the cap enameloid of the dental epithelial cells during enameloid mineralization and early maturation stages in the tilapia, a teleost. J Anat. 190, 589–600.
Schroeder, G.L. (1978) Autotrophic and heterotrophic production of microorganisms in intensely-manured fish ponds and related fish yield. Aquaculture 14, 303–325.
Scocco, P., Ceccarelli, P. and Menghi, G. (1996) Glycohistochemistry of the Tilapia spp. stomach. J Fish Biol. 49, 584–593.
Scocco, P., Menghi, G. and Ceccarelli, P. (1997). Histochemical differentiation of glycoconjugates occurring in the tilapine intestine. J Fish Biol. 51, 848–857.
Scocco, P., Accili, D., Menghi, G. and Ceccarelli, P. (1998). Unusual glycoconjugates in the oesophagus of a tilapine polyhybrid. J Fish Biol. 53, 39–48.
Shrestha, M.V. and Knud-Hansen, CF. (1994) Increasing attached microorgaism biomass as a management strategy for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) production. Aquacult. Eng. 13, 101–108.
Spataru, P. (1976) The feeding habits of Tilapia galilaea (Artedi) in Lake Kinneret (Israel). Aquaculture 9, 47–59.
Spataru, P. and Zorn, M. (1978) Food and feeding habits of Tilapia aurea Steindachner in Lake Kinneret (Israel). Aquaculture 13, 67–69.
Stroband, H.W.J. (1977) Growth and diet dependent structural adaptations of the digestive tract in juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella Val.). J Fish Biol. 11, 167–174.
Sugita, H., Tokuyama, K. and Deguchi, Y. (1985) The intestinal microflora of carp Cyprinus carpio, grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella and tilapia Sarotherodon niloticus. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish. 50, 1325–1329.
Sugita, Kawasaki, J. and Deguchi, Y. (1997) Production of amylase by the intestinal flora in cultured freshwater fish. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 24, 105–108.
Trewavas, E. (1983) Tilapiine Fishes of the Genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia, British Museum (Natural History), London.
Turner, G.F., Grimm, A.S., Mhone, O.K., Robinson, R.L. and Pitcher, T.J. (1991) The diet of Oreochromis lidole (Trewavas) and other chambo species in Lakes Malawi and Malombe. J. Fish Biol. 39, 15–24.
Welcomme, R. (1972) An evaluation of the acadja methods of fishing as practiced in the coastal lagoons of Dahomey (West Africa). J. Fish Biol. 4, 39–45.
Whitehead, P.J.P. (1959) The feeding mechanism of Tilapia nigra. Nature (London) 184, 1509–1510.
Whitfield, A.K. and Blaber, S.J.M. (1978) Resource segregation among iliophagous fish in St Lucia, Zululand. Env. Biol. Fishes 3, 293–296.
Yamaoka, K. (1991) Feeding behaviour, in Cichlid fishes. Behaviour, Ecology and Evolution (ed M.H.A. Keenleyside), Chapman and Hall, London, pp. 151–172.
Yowell, D.W. and Vinyard, G.L. (1993) An energy-based analysis of particulate-feeding and filter-feeding by blue tilapia. Env. Biol. Fishes 36, 65–72.
Zihler, F. (1982) Gross morphology and configuration of digestive tracts of Cichlidae (Teleostei, Perciformes): phylogenetic and functional significance. Neth. J. Zool. 32, 544–571.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2000 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Beveridge, M.C.M., Baird, D.J. (2000). Diet, feeding and digestive physiology. In: Beveridge, M.C.M., McAndrew, B.J. (eds) Tilapias: Biology and Exploitation. Fish and Fisheries Series, vol 25. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4008-9_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4008-9_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-6391-0
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-4008-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive